电气工程及其自动化 专业英语

1. 苏小林 顾雪平 主编 电气工程及其自动化专业英语 主讲人：张新慧 Tel：13561619726Email：zhxh626@163.com

2. Chapter 6 Electric Power System 2

3. Text Translation Exercises Translation Skills Section 1 Introduction New Words And Phrases Notes 3

4. New Words And Phrases electric power system 电力系统 cable n. 电缆，缆，钢丝绳；v. 架设电缆，敷设电缆 fuse n. 保险丝，熔断器；引信；v. 熔化，熔断 meter n. 米；测量仪表，计量器 customer n. 客户，用户 radius n. 半径 incandescent lamp 白炽灯 transmission line 输电线路 power loss 功率损耗 voltage drop 电压降落 AC transmission 交流输电 4

5. New Words And Phrases transmission system 输电系统 utility n. 公用事业，效用，中心电站 flexibility n. 灵活性，机动性，适应性；柔性，柔度 interconnection n. 相互连接，互联 asynchronous a. 异步的 nominal frequency 额定功率 misoperation n. 误操作，误动作 paramount a. 最高的，头等的；高过，优于 屏 5

6. Notes 1. The increasing need for transmitting large amounts of power over longer distance created an incentive to use progressively high voltage levels. 日益增长的对远距离大容量功率输出的需求导致所使用的电压水平不断提高。 6

7. Notes 2. The HVDC transmission can be used for transmission of large blocks of power over long distance, and providing an asynchronous link between systems where AC interconnection would be impractical because of system stability consideration or because nominal frequencies of the systems are different. HVDC可用来进行远距离大容量的功率输送，并且可以在由于系统稳定限制或系统额定频率不同使交流联网不能实现的情况下提供一个异步联网的手段。 7

8. Text Translation Exercises Translation Skills Section 2 Components of Power Systems New Words And Phrases Notes 8

9. New Words And Phrases in parallel 并联地 synchronously ad. 同步地 facility n. 容易，方便；灵活，熟练；（便利）条件；（常用复数）设备，装置，工具，器材 primary energy 一次能源 fossil n. 化石，石块 hydraulic a. 水力（学）的，水压的，液压的，液力的 mechanical energy 机械能 subsystem n. 子系统，分系统，辅助系统 switching device 开关装置，开关设备 subtransmission n. 二次输电 subtransmission system 分支输电系统，二次输电系统 distribution system 配电系统 substation n. 变电所，变电站，分站，分所 feeder n. 馈线，馈电电路 redundancy n. 多余，冗余 contingency n. 意外事故，偶然事故 9

10. Notes 1. Modern power systems are usually large-scale, geographically distributed, and with hundreds to thousands of generators operating in parallel and synchronously. 现代电力系统通常是规模大，地域分布广，具有成百上千并列同步运行的发电机组。 10

11. Text Translation Exercises Translation Skills Section 3 Operation and Control of Power Systems New Words And Phrases Notes 11

12. New Words And Phrases reliable a. 可靠的 bus n. 母线 overload n. 过载，超载 optimal a. 优化的，最优的，最佳的 production cost 生产成本，生产费用 hydro-generation n. 水力发电 dry period 枯水期 replenishment n. （再）补充，充实，充满 economic dispatch 经济调度 economic operation 经济运行 security n. 安全性，可靠性 emission n. 排放，放出，散放 tie-line n. 联络线 var flow 无功潮流 12

13. New Words And Phrases throttle n. 阀门，节流阀，调速汽门 thermal unit 热力机组，热力单位 magnetizing current 激磁电流，励磁电流 electric clock 电钟 active power balance 有功功率平衡 supplementary control 辅助控制 load-frequency control (LFC) 负荷频率控制 speed governor 调速器 underfrequency load shedding 低周减载，低频减负荷 automatic generation control (AGC) 自动发电控制 stabilize v. 使……稳定 13

14. New Words And Phrases reactive power 无功功率 active power 有功功率 automatic voltage regulator 自动电压调节器 shunt capacitor 并联电容器，并联电容 shunt reactor 并联电抗器，并联电抗 synchronous condenser 同步调相机 static var compensators ( SVCs ) 静止无功补偿器 series capacitor 串联电容器 tap-changing transformer 可调分接头变压器 booster n. 升压器，增压器，加压泵 14

15. Notes 1. The water used today may not be available in the future when its use might be more advantageous. 今天用掉的水可能在未来更有用时不能再得到。 2. In general, costs, security, and emissions are all areas of concern in power plant operation, and in practice the system is operated to effect a compromise between the frequently conflicting requirements. 一般来讲，成本、安全和排放问题都是电厂运行需要考虑的方面，通常的做法是系统的运行需在各种矛盾的要求之间折中考虑。 15

16. Notes 3. Constancy of speed of motor drives is particularly important for satisfactory performance of all the auxiliary drives associated with the fuel, the feed-water and the combustion air supply systems. 电动机转速的恒定对与燃料、给水和送风等有关的辅助设备的良好运行是特别重要的。 16

17. Notes 4. The extensive use of electric clocks and the use of frequency for other timing purpose require accurate maintenance of synchronous time which is proportional to integral of frequency. As a consequence, it is necessary to regulate not only the frequency itself but also its integral. 电钟和其他使用频率定时的设备的广泛应用要求维持准确的同步时间，该时间正比于频率的积分。所以，不仅需要调整频率自身而且需要调整它的积分。 17

18. Notes 5. In an interconnected power system, the primary objectives of AGC are to regulate frequency to the specified nominal value and to maintain the interchange power between control areas at the scheduled values by adjusting the output of the selected generators. 在互联电力系统中，AGC的主要目标是通过调节指定发电机的输出将系统频率调整到额定值，并且将区域间的功率交换维持在所要求的水平。 18

19. Notes 6. Synchronous condensers and SVCs provide active compensation, the reactive power absorbed/supplied by them is automatically adjusted so as to maintain voltages of the buses to which they are connected. 同步调相机和SVCs提供有源补偿，它们吸收或发出的无功功率可以自动调整以维持它们所连母线的电压水平。 19

20. Text Translation Exercises Translation Skills Section 4 Power System Stability New Words And Phrases Notes 20

21. New Words And Phrases angular a. 角的，角度的 power versus angle relationship 功角关系 synchronous reactance 同步电抗 excitation voltage 励磁电压 angular displacement 角位移 rotor angle stability 转角稳定性，功角稳定性 voltage stability 电压稳定性 electromechanical a. 机电的 electromagnetic a. 电磁的 equilibrium n. 平衡，均衡 mechanism n. 机理，机制；机构，装置；结构 synchronism n. 同步 accelerate v. 加速，促进 decelerate v. 减速 mechanical torque 机械转矩 electrical torque 电气转矩 21

22. New Words And Phrases outage n. 停电，断电，中断，停运，停机，事故 short-circuit fault 短路故障 power-angle relationship 功角关系 fluctuation n. 波动起伏 small-signal stability 小信号稳定性 transient stability 暂态稳定性 small disturbance stability 小干扰稳定性 damp v. 阻尼，（使）减弱，减幅；n. 阻尼，衰减 damping torque 阻尼转矩 instability n. 不稳定性 out of step 失步 synchronizing torque 同步转矩 non-oscillatory a. 非振荡的，非周期的 disturbance n. 扰动，干扰 post-disturbance a. 干扰后的，扰动后的，事故后的 unstable a. 不稳定的 first-swing n.; a. 第一次摇摆 22

23. Notes 1. For example, a system consisting of a synchronous generator feeding an induction motor load through a transmission line can become unstable because of the collapse of load voltage. 例如，一个发电机通过一条输电线向感应电动机负荷供电的系统可能由于负荷电压的崩溃而失去稳定。 23

24. Notes 2. The mechanism by which interconnected synchronous machines maintain synchronism with one another is through restoring forces, which act whenever there are forces tending to accelerate or decelerate one or more machines with respect to other machines. 互联同步发电机之间维持同步的机制是恢复力，无论何时有导致一台或多台发电机相对于其他发电机加速或减速的力量存在，恢复力将起作用。 24