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Twain

Parker. Groening. Chappelle. Swift. Twain. The Onion. The Office. Chaucer. SNL. Colbert. Satire.

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Twain

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  1. Parker Groening Chappelle Swift Twain The Onion TheOffice Chaucer SNL Colbert

  2. Satire • A way of using humor to show that someone or something is foolish, weak, bad, etc. : humor that shows the weaknesses or bad qualities of a person, government, or society using irony, ridicule, sarcasm, scorn, derision, or wit to expose and discredit vice or folly

  3. Horatian Satire Named for the Roman satirist, Horace, this playfully criticizes some social vice through gentle, mild, and light-hearted humor. It directs wit, exaggeration, and self-deprecating humor toward what it identifies as folly, rather than evil. Horatian satire’s sympathetic tone is common in modern society.

  4. Juvenalian Satire Named after the Roman Satirist Juvenal, this type of satire is more contemptuous and abrasive than the Horatian. Juvenalian satire addresses social evil through scorn, outrage, and savage ridicule. This form is often pessimistic, characterized by irony, sarcasm, moral indignation, and personal invective, with less emphasis on humor.

  5. Misconceptions of Satire • Because satire often combines anger and humour it can be profoundly disturbing - because it is essentially ironic or sarcastic, it is often misunderstood. Sean Mills, President ofThe Onion, said angry letters about their news parody always carried the same message. "It’s whatever affects that person,”. "So it’s like, 'I love it when you make a joke about murder or rape, but if you talk about cancer, well my brother has cancer and that’s not funny to me.' Or someone else can say, 'Cancer’s hilarious, but don’t talk about rape because my cousin got raped.' Those are rather extreme examples, but if it affects somebody personally, they tend to be more sensitive about it.”

  6. Observations • "Satire is a sort of glass, wherein beholders do generally discover everybody's face but their own, which is the chief reason for that kind of reception it meets in the world, and that so very few are offended with it.” (Jonathan Swift, preface to The Battle of the Books, 1704) • "Satire is traditionally the weapon of the powerless against the powerful. One kind makes us chuckle about our foibles and our shared humanity--like what Garrison Keillor does. The other kind holds people up to public contempt and ridicule--that's what I do."(MollyIvins) • "A man can’t write successful satire except he be in a calm judicial good-humor; whereas I hate travel, and I hate hotels, and I hate the old masters. In truth I don’t ever seem to be in a good enough humor with anything to satirize it; no, I want to stand up before it & curse it, & foam at the mouth--or take a club & pound it to rags & pulp."(Mark Twain, letter to William Dean Howells, 1879) • "[S]atire is tragedy plus time. You give it enough time, the public, the reviewers will allow you to satirize it."(Lenny Bruce, The Essential Lenny Bruce, ed. by John Cohen, 1967)

  7. Observations • "[A]busive satire is a wit contest, a kind of game in which the participants do their worst for the pleasure of themselves and their spectators. . . . If the exchange of insults is serious on one side, playful on the other, the satiric element is reduced."(Dustin H. Griffin, Satire: A Critical Reintroduction. Univ. Press of Kentucky, 1994) • "The general attitude toward satire is comparable to that of members of a family toward a slightly disreputable relative, who though popular with the children makes some of the adults a bit uncomfortable (cf. the critical evaluation of Gulliver's Travels). Shunning is out of the question as is full acceptance. . . . • "Unruly, wayward, frolicsome, critical, parasitic, at times perverse, malicious, cynical, scornful, unstable--it is at once pervasive yet recalcitrant, base yet impenetrable. Satire is the stranger that lives in the basement."(George Austin Test, Satire: Spirit and Art. Univ. Press of Florida, 1991)

  8. Points of Discussion • "Satire is traditionally the weapon of the powerless against the powerful." Molly Ivins • "Satire should, like a polished razor keen, Wound with a touch that's scarcely felt or seen."  Mary WorelyMontagu • "Satire is focused bitterness."  Leo Rosten • "In modern America, anyone who attempts to write satirically about the events of the day finds it difficult to concoct a situation so bizarre that it may not actually come to pass while the article is still on the presses."   Calvin Trillin • "Satire is often the reflection of a kind of moral nausea."  Crand Briton

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