Australia's Global and Regional Links

1. Australia's Global and Regional Links School Certificate Stage 5 Syllabus

2. Agenda • Syllabus requirements • Key definitions • Regions • Types of Links

3. Syllabus Requirements • The place of Australia in the world • Australia’s location in relation to its near neighbours and their territorial boundaries

4. Syllabus Cont. • The ways Australia interacts with other nations including: • aid • communication • culture • defence • migration • tourism • trade • sport

5. Syllabus Cont. • Australia’s regional and global links – choose 1 Aid Defence Migration Trade • the nature of the link • the roles of the government and of non-government organisations in relation to the link • treaties and/or agreements relevant to the link • cultural, economic and geopolitical advantages and disadvantages to Australia • social justice and equity issues in Australia and other countries

6. Syllabus Cont. • Future challenges for Australia: Population • current and future population trends: • growth rates, age structure and spatial distribution • government population policies to manage population growth • implications of population trends: • ecological sustainability • population movement and urban planning

7. Syllabus Cont. • Human rights and reconciliation • future challenges for Australia in relation to: • human rights • reconciliation • how other nations have responded to these challenges • strategies to address the challenges

8. Key Definitions

9. Key Definitions • Aid money and resources that are given or lent to poor or developing nations by wealthier developed nations • Asia–Pacific region usually considered to be the countries that make up the southern and eastern parts of Asia and some countries that border the Pacific Ocean • Communication the sending or passing on of information especially by electronic or mechanical means • Culture the body of beliefs, attitudes, skills and tools with which members of a community structure their lives and interact with their environment

10. Key Definitions • Defence the protection of a country’s borders, people and national interests and the promotion of peace and security • Migration the permanent movement of people between nations • International Tourism the temporary movement of people between nations • International Trade the movement of goods, services and ideas between countries

11. Definitions Cont. • APEC • Asia- Pacific Economic Co-operation • Treaty • is an agreement between States (countries) which is binding at international law • NGO • Non Government organisation • Multilateral • participated in by more than two nations, parties, etc

12. Where Are We??? Australia’s regional location

13. Asia Pacific Region Note this is often an exam question

14. Complete Knowledge Questions p249 • In what quadrant of the world is Australia found? • What is the Pacific Rim? • What major areas make up the Asia–Pacific region? • Why is the Asia–Pacific region important to Australia? • What is APEC? • Name Australia’s seven closest neighbours. • What is the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone?

15. Answers • In what quadrant of the world is Australia found? The Asia Pacific Region • What is the Pacific Rim? • Countries that have a border on the Pacific Ocean • What major areas make up the Asia–Pacific region? Is made up mostly of island nations like Fiji, Vanuatu, Samoa, Solomon Islands and Tonga, but also includes Australia, Papua New Guinea and New Zealand. It is divided into the four distinct areas of Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia and Australasia. • Why is the Asia–Pacific region important to Australia? Because of its political, economic and social links • What is APEC? Asia Pacific Economic C0-operation • Name Australia’s seven closest neighbours. Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and Timor-Leste ,New Zealand, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu • What is the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone? Sovereign rights over the area 200 nautical miles around the continent,

16. Oceania • Oceania is a geographical region that consists of lands that lie in the Pacific Ocean in the area between Asia and North and South America. • It is made up mostly of island nations like Fiji, Vanuatu, Samoa, Solomon Islands and Tonga, but also includes Australia, Papua New Guinea and New Zealand

17. Who is APEC? • Aka the dodgy shirt brigade • APEC has 21 member economies. • The word 'economies' is used to describe APEC members because the APEC cooperative process is predominantly concerned with trade and economic issues, • Members engage with one another as economic entities.

18. Dodgy shirts Inc.

19. A Uniquely Australian Experience of APEC

20. 21 APEC Economies

21. Who & When of APEC • Australia 6-7 Nov 1989 • Brunei Darussalam 6-7 Nov 1989 • Canada 6-7 Nov 1989 • Chile 11-12 Nov 1994 • People's Republic of China 12-14 Nov 1991  • Hong Kong, China 12-14 Nov 1991 • Indonesia 6-7 Nov 1989 • Japan 6-7 Nov 1989 • Republic of Korea 6-7 Nov 1989 • Malaysia 6-7 Nov 1989 • Mexico 17-19 Nov 1993 • New Zealand 6-7 Nov 1989

22. Who & When of APEC • Papua New Guinea 17-19 Nov 1993  • Peru 14-15 Nov 1998 • The Philippines 6-7 Nov 1989  • Russia 14-15 Nov 1998 • Singapore 6-7 Nov 1989  • Chinese Taipei 12-14 Nov 1991 •  Thailand 6-7 Nov 1989 • The United States 6-7 Nov 1989 • Viet Nam 14-15 Nov 1998

23. What Does APEC do? • Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, or APEC, is the premier forum for facilitating economic growth, cooperation, trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region • The 21 members account for approximately • 40.5%1 of the world's population, • approximately 54.2%1 of world GDP and about • 43.7%2 of world trade • Decisions made within APEC are reached by consensus and commitments are undertaken on a voluntary basis.

24. APEC Map • Using the information supplied highlight / mark in the associated countries on the world map (also provided)

25. NGO’s

26. NGO’s • Mobilise public support and voluntary contributions for aid e.g red Cross • Often have strong links with community groups in developing countries e.g Doctors without Borders • Often work in areas where government-to-government aid is not possible e.g. in countries such as Peoples Republic of Congo and Zimbabwe • Many have expertise in meeting people's basic needs, particularly in emergency situations where quick and flexible responses are essential e.g. during floods in Haiti , tsunami in Thailand

27. ausAID • The Australian Government's overseas aid program is improving the lives of millions of people in developing countries. • Australia is working with the governments and people of developing countries to deliver aid where it is most needed and most effective