Sgwrsio Dwyieithog Bilingual Conversation Group Members/Aelodau o’r grŵp

1. Sgwrsio Dwyieithog • Bilingual Conversation • Group Members/Aelodau o’r grŵp • Head of Group / Arweinydd y Grŵp Prof Margaret Deuchar • Research Officer / Swyddog Ymchwil Dr Jon Herring • Research Assistant / Ymchwilydd Cynorthwyol Siân Wynn Lloyd • Research Collaborator / Ymchwilydd Ymgynghorol Dr Dirk Bury

2. In the world: more people are bilingual than monolingual In the UK: more people are monolingual than bilingual Yn y byd: mwy o bobl dwyieithog nag unieithog Yn DU: mwy o bobl unieithog na dwyieithog How common is bilingualism?Pa mor gyffredin yw dwyieithrwydd? Eva Polger, Budapest Rhys, Bangor Jackie, Brighton

3. Dwyieithrwydd yng Nghymru Bilingualism in Wales

4. Bilingual conversation in WalesSgyrsiau dwyieithog yng Nghymru hi oedd yr unig fabi oedd yn y seremoni graduation ‘She was the only baby in the graduation ceremony’ oedd ’na heffer yn overdue ers ’thefnos ‘A heffer was a fortnight overdue’

5. More bilingual conversation in WalesMwy o sgyrsiau dwyieithog yng Nghymru ‘She had a hip operation, didn’t she?’ wnaeth hi gael hip operation do? ‘They were all over the place. oedden nhwall over the place

6. How do we get the examples?Sut mae casglu enghreifftiau? Recordiwyd rhai siaradwyr o’r ardaloedd hyn hyd yma Some speakers from these areas have been recorded so far

7. Bilingualism in Patagonia, ArgentinaDwyieithrwydd ym Mhatagonia, Yr Ariannin

8. Spanish-Welsh conversation in PatagoniaSgyrsiau Sbaeneg-Cymraeg ym Mhatagonia ‘St David Association’ ‘Information’ Tocarwchy vocina ‘Beep your horn’

9. Spanish-Welsh conversation in PatagoniaSgyrsiau Sbaeneg-Cymraeg ym Mhatagonia • Video clip 1: • Sombrero de alas anchas, a sombrero de alas angostas – • hat of wings wide and hat of wings narrow • ‘A hat with a wide brim and a hat with a narrow brim – • het ac adenydd llydan ag rhai cul • hat and wings wide and some narrow • hat with wide brim and a narrow one’

11. Spanish-Welsh conversation in PatagoniaSgwrs Sbaeneg-Cymraeg ym Mhatagonia • Video clip 2: • Mae Tegai yn dod i yng nghocina fi • be Tegai is come to my kitchen my • ‘Tegai comes to my kitchen’

13. Bilingualism in Miami, USADwyieithrwydd ym Miami, UDA

14. Spanish-English bilingual conversationsSgyrsiau dwyieithog Sbaeneg-Saesneg Siempre está promising cosas He is always promising things I got a lotta blanquitofriends Me huele a toast quemado I’ve got a lot of white friends It smells of burnt toast

15. Spanish-English fairy storiesStraeon tylwyth teg Sbaeneg-Saesneg • While Blancanieves está media muerta she’s lying there and the dwarves, they’re scared, they don’t know what to do and they pick her up, y la llevan a la casa, la ponen sobre la cama, y la dejan acostada allí ‘While Snow White is half dead, she’s lying there and the dwarves, they’re scared, they don’t know what to do and they pick her up, and they take her home, they put her on the bed and they leave her lying there’

16. Bilingual conversation set to musicSgwrsio Dwyieithog mewn cerddoriaeth • Upside, inside out she's livin’ la vida loca She'll push and pull you down, livin’ la vida loca Her lips are devil red and her skin's the color mocha

17. Bilingual conversation set to musicSgwrsio Dwyieithog mewn cerddoriaeth Gwyneth Glyn - ‘Adra’ (‘Home’) ‘There is a town in North Ontario’, Medda Neil Young yn ei gân, ‘Sweet Home Alabama’, Medda Skynyrd rownd y tân. ‘There is a town in North Ontario’, Said Neil Young in his song, ‘Sweet Home Alabama’, Said [Lynyrd] Skynyrd round the fire.

18. 1) How do bilingual speakers follow two different grammars in the same sentence? 2) Do bilinguals with different language pairs combine their languages in the same or different ways? 3) Do young people combine their languages in a different way from old people? 1) Sut mae siaradwyr dwyieithog yn dilyn gramadegau gwahanol o fewn yr un frawddeg? 2) Ydi pobl ddwyieithog sy’n siarad gwahanol barau o ieithoedd yn cyfuno eu dwy iaith yn yr un ffordd neu mewn gwahanol ffyrdd? 3) Ydi pobl ifanc yn cyfuno eu hieithoedd mewn modd gwahanol i bobl hyn? Interesting puzzles for our researchPosau diddorol ar gyfer ein hymchwil

19. 4) Does it make a difference how young you were when you learned the two languages? 5) Does it make a difference which part of the country you come from? 4) Oes gwahaniaeth pa mor ifanc ydych chi pan yn dysgu’r ddwy iaith? 5) Ydi’r rhan o’r wlad rydych chi’n byw yn gwneud gwahaniaeth? Interesting puzzles for our researchPosau diddorol ar gyfer ein hymchwil

20. Q1) How do bilingual speakers follow two different grammars in the same sentence? Possibly they use the grammar from one language and some of the words from another C1) Sut mae siaradwyr dwyieithog yn dilyn gramadegau gwahanol o fewn yr un frawddeg? O bosib maen nhw’n defnyddio gramadeg un iaith a geiriau o iaith arall. Any answers?/Unrhyw Atebion?

21. Any answers?/Unrhyw Atebion? • Q2) Do bilinguals with different languages combine their languages in the same or different ways? • C2) Ydi pobl ddwyieithog sy’n siarad gwahanol barau o ieithoedd yn cyfuno eu dwy iaith yn yr un ffordd neu mewn gwahanol ffyrdd? Spanish / Sbaeneg Patagonia Miami data collection Welsh / Cymraeg English / Saesneg Wales

22. Database of bilingual conversations Bilingual education Speech and language therapy Language policy Foreign language teaching Bas data o sgyrsiau dwyieithog Addysg ddwyieithog Therapi iaith a lleferydd Polisi iaith Addysgu ieithoedd tramor Practical results of our researchCanlyniadau ymarferol i’n hymchwil

23. Acknowledgments/Cydnabyddiaeth • AHRC • ESRC • Peredur Davies, Elen Robert and Jonathan Stammers for audio clips and translation • Colin Baker for the map of Welsh speakers • S4C for permission to use video material