Federal Role and Response to Disasters

1. Federal Role and Response to Disasters David A. Ishida Regional Administrator U.S. Administration on Aging Good morning. My presentation will focus on the federal role and response to disasters. I�ll begin by discussing the National Response Plan � a coordinated approach to domestic incident management and I�ll briefly touch on the National Incident Management System which frames and systematizes incident management at all levels of government. I will then describe a working model the National Response Plan with some of its processes and components. And lastly, I�ll provide a few resources for disaster preparedness and response.Good morning. My presentation will focus on the federal role and response to disasters. I�ll begin by discussing the National Response Plan � a coordinated approach to domestic incident management and I�ll briefly touch on the National Incident Management System which frames and systematizes incident management at all levels of government. I will then describe a working model the National Response Plan with some of its processes and components. And lastly, I�ll provide a few resources for disaster preparedness and response.

2. National Response Plan (NRP) The NRP was developed to align Federal coordination structures, capabilities, and resources into a unified, all-discipline, and all-hazards approach to domestic incident management. NRP incorporates: Federal Response Plan Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan Terrorism Response Plan The National Response Plan, last updated May 25, 2006, establishes a comprehensive all-hazards approach to enhance the ability of the United States to manage domestic incidents. �The plan incorporates best practices and procedures from incident management disciplines�homeland security, emergency management, law enforcement, firefighting, public works, public health, responder and recovery worker health and safety, emergency medical services, and the private sector�and integrates them into a unified structure. �It forms the basis of how the federal government coordinates with state, local, and tribal governments and the private sector during incidents. The National Response Plan, last updated May 25, 2006, establishes a comprehensive all-hazards approach to enhance the ability of the United States to manage domestic incidents. �The plan incorporates best practices and procedures from incident management disciplines�homeland security, emergency management, law enforcement, firefighting, public works, public health, responder and recovery worker health and safety, emergency medical services, and the private sector�and integrates them into a unified structure. �It forms the basis of how the federal government coordinates with state, local, and tribal governments and the private sector during incidents.

3. National Response Plan (cont�d.) Signed by 29 Federal Agencies, American Red Cross, National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disasters and the Corporation for National and Community Service All hazards approach adopted in April, 1992 and revised in 1999 (FRP); replaced by the NRP December 2004 as directed by the Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD)-5 and the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act Response organized under the Incident Command System structure and National Incident Management System NIMS (interoperability and compatibility between Federal, State, and local capabilities) The NRP establishes protocols to help: - Save lives and protect the health and safety of the public, responders, and recovery workers; - Ensure security of the homeland; - Prevent an imminent incident, including acts of terrorism, from occurring; - Protect and restore critical infrastructure and key resources; - Conduct law enforcement investigations to resolve the incident, apprehend the perpetrators, and collect and preserve evidence for prosecution and/or attribution; - Protect property and mitigate damages and impacts to individuals, communities, and the environment; and - Facilitate recovery of individuals, families, businesses, governments, and the environment. The NRP establishes protocols to help: - Save lives and protect the health and safety of the public, responders, and recovery workers; - Ensure security of the homeland; - Prevent an imminent incident, including acts of terrorism, from occurring; - Protect and restore critical infrastructure and key resources; - Conduct law enforcement investigations to resolve the incident, apprehend the perpetrators, and collect and preserve evidence for prosecution and/or attribution; - Protect property and mitigate damages and impacts to individuals, communities, and the environment; and - Facilitate recovery of individuals, families, businesses, governments, and the environment.

4. Cross-walk with State Emergency Response Plans- Local Plans Brings resources including people, supplies, equipment, and funding Organizes the response into 15 Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) or ESFs with a lead agency and support agencies Components: The Nat�l Response Plan is an all-hazards plan built on the template of the National Incident Management System (NIMS). NIMS was developed so responders from different jurisdictions and disciplines can work together better to respond to natural disasters and emergencies, including acts of terrorism. The Nat�l Incident Management System provides a consistent framework for incident management at all jurisdictional levels regardless of the cause, size, or complexity of the incident. The Nat�l Response Plan, using the NIMS, provides the structure and mechanisms for national-level policy and operational direction for domestic incident management. The Nat�l Response Plan can be partially or fully implemented in the context of a threat, anticipation of a significant event, or in response to an incident requiring a coordinated Federal response.The Nat�l Response Plan is an all-hazards plan built on the template of the National Incident Management System (NIMS). NIMS was developed so responders from different jurisdictions and disciplines can work together better to respond to natural disasters and emergencies, including acts of terrorism. The Nat�l Incident Management System provides a consistent framework for incident management at all jurisdictional levels regardless of the cause, size, or complexity of the incident. The Nat�l Response Plan, using the NIMS, provides the structure and mechanisms for national-level policy and operational direction for domestic incident management. The Nat�l Response Plan can be partially or fully implemented in the context of a threat, anticipation of a significant event, or in response to an incident requiring a coordinated Federal response.

5. Federal Responses to: The Nat�l Response Plan includes natural disasters, as well as events with potential national or long-term implications such as a public health emergency or a cyber incident. Selective implementation through the activation of one or more of the Nat�l Response Plan elements allows maximum flexibility to meet the unique operational and information-sharing requirements of any situation and enables effective interaction among various Federal, State, local, tribal, private-sector, and other nongovernmental entities. The Nat�l Response Plan includes natural disasters, as well as events with potential national or long-term implications such as a public health emergency or a cyber incident. Selective implementation through the activation of one or more of the Nat�l Response Plan elements allows maximum flexibility to meet the unique operational and information-sharing requirements of any situation and enables effective interaction among various Federal, State, local, tribal, private-sector, and other nongovernmental entities.

6. This diagram represents the beginning process of the NRP. When a disaster occurs, the local first responders use their capabilities to respond and if overwhelmed, go to the state for assistance. The state responds until its resources are exhausted or soon will be. At this point, the Governor will begin the process of formally requesting a disaster declaration from the President. This process is a two-channel communication. First, the State Coordinating Officer will notify the FEMA Regional Director of the Governors intent. The Regional Director will contact the FEMA Director who, in turn, will advise the President. Soon after this, the Governor will contact the President directly and certify the state�s needs and lack of capability and ask for a disaster declaration. The President acting upon the advice from the FEMA Director and the Governor, will either deny the request or sign a �Major Disaster Declaration.� The declaration will include the area affected, starting date, and appointment of a Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO). Additionally, the President will charge the FCO to administer all Federal programs to bring relief to the state. The FCO will proceed to the area of the disaster in conjunction with the Emergency Response Team (ERT) and set up a Disaster Field Office (DFO). The ERT is task organized based on the states needs, but usually includes representatives from 15 Emergency Support Functions (ESF). The FCO uses the ERT as his staff to accept Requests for Federal Assistance (RFA) from the state and coordinate the response. This diagram represents the beginning process of the NRP. When a disaster occurs, the local first responders use their capabilities to respond and if overwhelmed, go to the state for assistance. The state responds until its resources are exhausted or soon will be. At this point, the Governor will begin the process of formally requesting a disaster declaration from the President. This process is a two-channel communication. First, the State Coordinating Officer will notify the FEMA Regional Director of the Governors intent. The Regional Director will contact the FEMA Director who, in turn, will advise the President. Soon after this, the Governor will contact the President directly and certify the state�s needs and lack of capability and ask for a disaster declaration. The President acting upon the advice from the FEMA Director and the Governor, will either deny the request or sign a �Major Disaster Declaration.� The declaration will include the area affected, starting date, and appointment of a Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO). Additionally, the President will charge the FCO to administer all Federal programs to bring relief to the state. The FCO will proceed to the area of the disaster in conjunction with the Emergency Response Team (ERT) and set up a Disaster Field Office (DFO). The ERT is task organized based on the states needs, but usually includes representatives from 15 Emergency Support Functions (ESF). The FCO uses the ERT as his staff to accept Requests for Federal Assistance (RFA) from the state and coordinate the response.

7. 15 Emergency Support Functions (ESF) Transportation Department of Transportation Communications National Communications System Public Works and Engineering U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Firefighting Department of Agriculture/Forest Service Emergency Management Federal Emergency Management Agency Mass Care, Housing, Human Services Department of Homeland Security American Red Cross Resource Support General Services Administration Public Health and Medical Services Department of Health and Human Services Urban Search and Rescue Federal Emergency Management Agency Oil and Hazardous Materials Response Environmental Protection Agency Agriculture and Natural Resource US Department of Agriculture/Department of the Interior Energy Department of Energy Public Safety and Security Department of Homeland Security/Justice Community Recovery, Mitigation, and Economic Stabilization U.S. Small Business Administration External Communications Federal Emergency Management Agency What are Emergency Support Functions (ESFs)? ESFs are the primary means through which the Federal government provides assistance to State, local, and tribal governments or to Federal departments and agencies conducting missions of primary Federal responsibility. ESFs were established as an effective mechanism to group capabilities and resources into the functions that are most likely needed during actual or potential incidents where coordinated Federal response is required (e.g., Transportation, Firefighting, Public Health, etc.). ESFs may be selectively activated for both Stafford Act and non-Stafford Act incidents by the Secretary of Homeland Security. ESFs may also be activated by the ESF Coordinators. The ESF framework provides a modular structure to identify the precise components that can best address the requirements of the incident. For example, a large-scale natural disaster or significant terrorist incident may require the activation of all ESFs. A localized flood or tornado might only require activation of a few ESFs. What are Emergency Support Functions (ESFs)? ESFs are the primary means through which the Federal government provides assistance to State, local, and tribal governments or to Federal departments and agencies conducting missions of primary Federal responsibility. ESFs were established as an effective mechanism to group capabilities and resources into the functions that are most likely needed during actual or potential incidents where coordinated Federal response is required (e.g., Transportation, Firefighting, Public Health, etc.). ESFs may be selectively activated for both Stafford Act and non-Stafford Act incidents by the Secretary of Homeland Security. ESFs may also be activated by the ESF Coordinators. The ESF framework provides a modular structure to identify the precise components that can best address the requirements of the incident. For example, a large-scale natural disaster or significant terrorist incident may require the activation of all ESFs. A localized flood or tornado might only require activation of a few ESFs.

8. ESF #6 � Mass Care, Housing and Human Services Annex Department of Agriculture Department of Defense Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Housing and Urban Development Department of the Interior Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of Transportation Department of the Treasury Department of Veterans Affairs General Services Administration Office of Personnel Management Small Business Administration Social Security Administration U.S. Postal Service Corporation for National and Community Service National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster Purpose Emergency Support Function (ESF) #6 � Mass Care, Housing, and Human Services supports State, regional, local, and tribal government and nongovernmental organization (NGO) efforts to address the non-medical mass care, housing � both short and long-term, and human services needs of individuals and/or families impacted by Incidents of National Significance. Purpose Emergency Support Function (ESF) #6 � Mass Care, Housing, and Human Services supports State, regional, local, and tribal government and nongovernmental organization (NGO) efforts to address the non-medical mass care, housing � both short and long-term, and human services needs of individuals and/or families impacted by Incidents of National Significance.

9. ESF #6 � Mass Care, Housing and Human Services Annex (cont�d.) The American Red Cross functions as the primary organization under ESF 6 in coordinating the use of Federal mass care resources in the context of Incidents of National Significance

10. Roles of Emergency Support Function #6 Mass Care Coordination Shelter Feeding Emergency First Aid Disaster Welfare Information Bulk Distribution Housing Short-term Long-term ESF #6 support is categorized in the core functional areas of: Mass Care Housing ESF #6 support is categorized in the core functional areas of: Mass Care Housing

11. Roles of Emergency Support Function #6 (cont�d.) Human Services Assessment Coordination Crisis counseling and supportive services Identification of individuals with special needs Processing of new Federal benefits claims Ensuring water, ice, and other emergency commodities and services requirements are delivered to appropriate entities Providing support to expedite mail services in affected areas And Human ServicesAnd Human Services

12. ESF #8 - Health & Medical Services Lead Federal Agency: Department of Health and Human Services/ Assistant Secretary for Public Health Emergency Preparedness Supporting Departments and Agencies Department of Homeland Security Department of Veterans Affairs Department of Defense Department of Transportation Department of Agriculture Department of Energy Department of Justice Environmental Protection Agency General Services Administration American Red Cross National Communications System Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance U.S. Postal Service Purpose Emergency Support Function (ESF) #8 � Public Health and Medical Services provides the mechanism for coordinated Federal assistance to supplement State, local, and tribal resources in response to public health and medical care needs, including veterinary and/or animal health issues when appropriate, for potential or actual Incidents of National Significance and/or during a developing potential health and medical situation. ESF #8 is coordinated by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) principally through the Assistant Secretary for Public Health Emergency Preparedness (ASPHEP). Purpose Emergency Support Function (ESF) #8 � Public Health and Medical Services provides the mechanism for coordinated Federal assistance to supplement State, local, and tribal resources in response to public health and medical care needs, including veterinary and/or animal health issues when appropriate, for potential or actual Incidents of National Significance and/or during a developing potential health and medical situation. ESF #8 is coordinated by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) principally through the Assistant Secretary for Public Health Emergency Preparedness (ASPHEP).

13. Roles of Emergency Support Function #8 Assessment of Public Health and Medical Needs * Health Surveillance Medical Care Personnel * Health/Medical Equipment and Supplies Patient Evacuation In-Hospital/Patient Care * Safety and Security of Human Drugs, Biologics, Medical Devices, and Veterinary Drugs Blood and Blood Products Food Safety and Security Agriculture Safety and Security Worker Health/Safety All-Hazard Public Health and Medical Consultation, Technical Assistance, and Support Behavioral Health Care * Public Health and Medical Information Vector Control Potable Water/Wastewater & Solid Waste Disposal Victim Identification/Mortuary Services * Protection of Animal Health * ESF #8 support is categorized in the core functional areas of: - Assessment of public health/medical needs (including behavioral health); - Public health surveillance; - Medical care personnel; and - Medical equipment and supplies. (The seven items highlighted by an asterisk services that are provided by the National Disaster Medical System.) ESF #8 support is categorized in the core functional areas of: - Assessment of public health/medical needs (including behavioral health); - Public health surveillance; - Medical care personnel; and - Medical equipment and supplies. (The seven items highlighted by an asterisk services that are provided by the National Disaster Medical System.)

14. For Further Information: National Response Plan (DHS): www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/interapp/editorial/editorial_0566.xml FEMA (DHS): www.fema.gov FEMA Training (DHS): www.training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/crslist.asp DHS Preparedness and Response: www.dhs.gov/xprepresp DHS Ready.Gov: www.ready.gov FirstGov.gov: www.disasterhelp.gov CDC (DHHS): www.bt.cdc.gov www.cdc.gov/nceh/hsb/disaster HRSA Hospital Preparedness (DHHS): www.hrsa.gov/bioterrorism.htm Metropolitan Medical Response System (DHS): www.mmrs.fema.gov Office of Public Health Emergency Preparedness (DHHS): www.dhhs.gov/ophep/ Strategic National Stockpile (DHHS): www.bt.cdc.gov/stockpile/ U.S. Administration on Aging: www.aoa.gov American Red Cross: www.redcross.org In conclusion, each year, 30, 40, even 60 or more natural disasters impact the United States and it�s territories with such devastation that they exceed local capacity to respond. When the President declares these disaster areas eligible for assistance, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) coordinates the federal response. FEMA and the Small Business Administration (SBA) respond with loans and grants that help disaster victims recover. The Administration on Aging (AoA), too, can respond to the special needs of older disaster victims. There is, of course, much more information available. Here are a few additional resources you may find helpful. In conclusion, each year, 30, 40, even 60 or more natural disasters impact the United States and it�s territories with such devastation that they exceed local capacity to respond. When the President declares these disaster areas eligible for assistance, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) coordinates the federal response. FEMA and the Small Business Administration (SBA) respond with loans and grants that help disaster victims recover. The Administration on Aging (AoA), too, can respond to the special needs of older disaster victims. There is, of course, much more information available. Here are a few additional resources you may find helpful.

15. HHS Region IX Contact Information CAPT Christopher Jones NP DHHS Office of Public Health Emergency Preparedness Regional Emergency Coordinator Office of Emergency Operations and Security Programs 50 United Nations Plaza, Room 329 San Francisco CA 94102 Voice: 415-437-8386 Fax: 415-437-8069 Christopher.Jones@hhs.gov I leave you with the name and contact information of our Regional Emergency Coordinator, CAPT Christopher Jones, who is THE expert in planning for and dealing with disasters. Thank you for your attention this morning.I leave you with the name and contact information of our Regional Emergency Coordinator, CAPT Christopher Jones, who is THE expert in planning for and dealing with disasters. Thank you for your attention this morning.