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THE NEW FRONTIER. CHAPTER 28, SECTION2. MAJOR DATES. Nov., 1960: John F. Kennedy Elected President April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin is first human in space May, 1961: Alan Shepard is first American in space
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THE NEW FRONTIER CHAPTER 28, SECTION2
MAJOR DATES • Nov., 1960: John F. Kennedy Elected President • April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin is first human in space • May, 1961: Alan Shepard is first American in space • Feb., 1962: John Glenn is first American to orbit Earth • Nov. 22, 1963: John F. Kennedy assassinated in Dallas • July 29, 1969: U.S. astronauts land / walk on Moon
KENNEDY’S IMAGE • JFK & family are very popular w/mass media and the public; WHY? • JFK’s appearance / youthfulness appealed to public • JFK’s public speaking ability • JFK’s sense of humor • JFK’s wife, Jacqueline, encouraged artistic style and decoration in White House • JFK & White House staff used TV to create attractive public image
KENNEDY’S IMAGE • WHY ELSE DID PEOPLE LIKE JFK? • JFK’s Administration was filled w/energetic, youthful officials • Examples? Robert McNamara, Sec. of Defense • JFK’s enthusiasm & pledge to improve the U.S. • “The New Frontier” : • Define: JFK’s legislative agenda / program to improve America (see p. 838) • What areas of American life did JFK want to improve? • Poverty / Civil Rights • Economy / Unemployment • The Space Race vs. Soviets • Relations w/ foreign nations • Results? • N.A.S.A. created • PEACE CORPS created • ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS created • So What? • JFK is trying to stimulate major changes in America
THE SPACE RACE • Origin: • 1957: Soviets launchSputnik I • April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin orbits earth • U.S. fears Soviets will have space weapons capability • U.S. response: • N.A.S.A. created ; Define • JFK pledges major resources to NASA • JFK pledges U.S. commitment to Moon landing (The “New Frontier” concept is promoted)
THE SPACE RACE (Cont’d.) • Results?: • U.S. Gov’t. approves large $ for NASA • Cape Canaveral, FLA launch center built • Houston, TX mission control center built • Other nation-wide facilities built (see graph, p. 840) • Final Results? • 1961: Alan Shepard reaches space • 1962: John Glenn orbits earth • July, 1969: Apollo 11 crew make Moon landing
Astronaut Alan Shepard, U.S. Navy
“That’s One Small Step for a Man, One Giant Leap for Mankind.” Neil Armstrong, July 20, 1969
ASSASSINATION • When? November 22, 1963 • Where? Dallas, TX • Why there? JFK was making trip to build support w/Texas Democrats • Who killed JFK? • Lee Harvey Oswald: Arrested & charged w/assassination • Where? • Texas School Book Depository Bldg, Dallas • JFK shot in Dealey Plaza • Oswald murdered by Jack Ruby, Nov. 24, 1963 • Other theories? • Mafia • Anti-Castro Cubans • Oswald conspired w/other, unknown persons
Jackie Kennedy, LBJ, & Lady Bird Johnson on board Air Force One after the assassination
LBJ TAKES PRESIDENTIAL OATH ON BOARD AIR FORCE ONE, NOV. 22, 1964
JACK RUBY SHOOTS LEE HARVEY OSWALD, DALLAS, TEXAS
THE WARREN COMMISSION • What? U.S. Gov’t. committee created to investigate JFK’s murder • When? 1963-64 • Who? Led by Chief Justice Earl Warren • Decision? • Oswald was lone assassin • JFK killed by single bullet (The “Magic Bullet” Theory)