Intelligent Buildings in Refit Situations

1. Intelligent Buildings in Refit Situations Adapting Today’s Workplace for Tomorrow’s Worker Dan Seth, P. Eng. Jacques Whitford Environment Limited (JWEL) Ottawa November 21, 2001

2. Some Thoughts to Ponder • Do intelligent buildings exist? • What level of intelligence do they possess? • Is there a market for intelligent buildings? • Do intelligent buildings serve a real need? • Are they cost effective? • Are existing buildings capable of acquiring intelligence? • Is intelligent building a fad or a phenomena?

3. CIB Computer Integrated Building 2010 Integrated Solution CIB Integrated Systems Building Systems User Systems 1995 Multi-function Systems HVAC Security Energy Data Voice AudioVisual 1985 Single-function Systems Lights, A/C, CCTV Elevators, Alarms Telephone, Fax, PCs Video, etc 1970 Source: IB Europe History of Intelligent Buildings

4. What is an Intelligent Building • IB Attributes • Features • Processes • Protocol(s) • Performance PhD?

5. Paradigm Shift The test of intelligence lies in ‘Performance’, not technology including use of the best materials, concepts and systems to meet the needs of the owner, occupants and the community. It is about ‘Process’ as well as about building and the benefits lie in economy and flexibility to meet the working and sustainability needs.

6. Definition • An intelligent building achieves and maintains optimum performance by: • automatically responding and adapting to the operational environment and user requirements • facilitating ready and cost-effective adaptation to changes in user requirements, e.g. space configuration and ways of working

7. Definition (cont.) • Performance covers: • health, safety, productivity, energy and environmental impact, life cycle cost, marketability • Operational environment covers: • climate, occupancy, type of use, services • Users are: • occupant, owner, developer and agent

8. What do Customers Want? • They do not want technology • They want a building that: • works for them and their business • is economical to build and run • responds to their needs • is easy to adapt to new circumstances • is easy to use • A building that performs optimally

9. Annual Costs of a Business

11. Obstacles to Success • Telco’s • Technology vs functionality • Capital costs • Time to market • Size and scale • Variable tenant requirements

12. Shell, core and space layout Amenities Materials and finishes Façade and cladding Structure Environmental systems Mechanical systems Electrical systems IT and communication systems Fire suppression and life safety systems Security systems Sensors and controls Building Features that Affect IB Performance

13. Variable Frequency Drives

14. Pump, Fan & Compressor Laws Q2/ Q1 = N2/N1 P2/ P1 = (N2/N1)2 kW2/kW1 = (N2/N1)3 eg kW2 = (1200/1800)3;kW2 = 30% of kW1 (This translates into a power saving of 70%)

15. Efficiency Measurement Scale

16. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) • Criteria: Sustainable sites; Water efficiency; Energy & Atmosphere; Materials & Resources; and Indoor environmental quality • Rating System: • Green • Silver • Gold • Platinum

17. IB Performance Criteria • Business performance (Serviceability scales) • Economic performance • Environmental and HVAC System performance • Responsiveness (predictive control strategies) • Adaptability • Ease of use

18. Primary Screening Diagram Start Review User/Occupant Requirements Structural Details HVAC Systems Electrical Services Mandatory Requirements Strctrl Code Standards HVAC Standards Electrical Criteria • Review Building Records • Architectural • Mechanical • Electrical Y Y Y N N N

19. Summary • Considering users and their culture are key • Innovative technologies must be justified • Assessment method(s) for IB’s must be clearly defined and agreed to with the Client • Intelligence depends on meeting good practices and not on amassing sophisticated devices • Flexibility, Scalability, Maintenance and Commissioning • Performance, performance, performance