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Exploring Space: The Race & Achievements

Discover the historical Space Race between superpowers, moon exploration milestones, NASA's missions, and the International Space Station's role in advancing human knowledge in space.

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Exploring Space: The Race & Achievements

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  1. Chapter 13 Section 2:The Space Program • What was the space race? • What were the major events in human exploration of the moon?

  2. The Space Race • The “space race” began in the 1950s. • This was during a “cold war” between the world’s greatest super-powers: Russia and the United States.

  3. The Space Race • Tensions accelerated on October 4, 1957 when the Russians put Sputnik 1 into orbit. • Video clip • Further tensions were created when the Russians sent the dog Laika into space in November, 1957.

  4. NASA • Because of the competition from the Russians, in 1958 the United States reorganized their space program under a civilian agency NASA (the National Aeronautic and Space Administration). • Its goal was the peaceful exploration of space for the benefit of all humankind.

  5. Firsts • First human in space to return safely: Yuri Gagarin (Russian), April 1961 • First American in space: Alan Shepard, May, 1961 • First American to orbit Earth: John Glenn February, 1962 • First men to land on the moon: Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, July 1969

  6. The Mercury Program • Initial single-manned flights into space • Goal: to put a man into space and return safely • Significant events: • Alan Shepard, first American in space 5/61 • John Glenn, first American to orbit Earth 2/62

  7. The Gemini Program • Dual manned space flights • Goal: to prepare for a lunar landing • Achievements: docking with other vehicles in space, extended orbital flights

  8. The Apollo Program • The American effort to land astronauts on the moon was named the Apollo program. Neil Armstrong was the first man to step foot on the moon – July 20, 1969

  9. The Apollo Program • Three person space capsule • Goal: to land on the moon • The space vehicle had three parts • Command module, service module, lunar module

  10. The Space Shuttle Program • Using reusable vehicles • Goal: continue to expand our knowledge of space; open space to international human expansion and commercial development • Use of multiple crews: military, civilian, international

  11. The International Space Station • The International Space Station (ISS) provides a place for international cooperation in doing long-term observations and experiments in space. • Construction began in the 1980s with 16 countries involved.

  12. The Race for Space • Click the Video button to watch a movie about the race for space.

  13. End of Section 2:The Space Program

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