Respiration Changing Food to Energy

1. Respiration Changing Food to Energy

2. Total ATP Yield 02 ATP - glycolysis 02 ATP- Krebs cycle 32 ATP - Electron Transport Chain 36 ATP - TOTAL That is a lot of energy!

3. What is Cellular Respiration? Three Stages of Respiration Fermentation

4. What is Energy? What is the “Energy Currency” of the cell?

5. Do you need energy? If you are sleeping in class do you need energy?

6. Cellular respiration is the process of taking Oxygen And Glucose And turning it into ATP The energy currency for the cell

7. review review reviewreviewreviewreview Where do we get glucose?

8. Is Cellular respiration an efficient process?

9. Cellular Respiration happens in 3 phases Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

10. The Big Picture Name them again! Glycolysis products Critic Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) products Electron Transport Chain

11. What’s that? Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm ?

12. Glycolysis A series of chemical reactions that Breaks down glucose Into 2 Pyruvic Acids

13. Starts with ____________ Ends with _______________ When glucose is broken down to 2 pyruvic acids 4 ATP is made! 2 ATP are needed to make the reaction happen so….. BUT

14. SO……….. The net gain of ATP from Glycolysis is 2 ATP We also get 2 molecules of NADH Not to be confused with NADPH in plants—It is similar however 4 ATP made 2 used in the process *Net gain of 2 ATP + 2 NADH 4 – 2 = 2 review

15. We get 2 ATPs Picks up an electron – This is important and we will see why later Remember 2 pyruvic acids 2 - 3 carbon molecules

16. Where do we go next? If O2 Is available then The Citric Acid Cycle Kreb’s Cycle Happens next

17. Now the pyruvic acid moves in to the mitochondria It goes through a series of chemical reactions and looses one CO2 molecule And an Intermediate product is formed called pyruvate Where does this carbon dioxide go?

18. The intermediate product is combined with Coenzyme A to form Acetyl Co-A Say it with rhythm….. Pyruvate combines with Coenzyne A to form Aceytal Co-A (stomp)

19. Citric Acid Cycle Kreb’s Cycle A series of reactions that break down Acetyl Co-A into: 2 molecule of ATP 6 molecules of NADH 2 molecule FADH2 CO2 is a by-product of the Kreb’s Cycle This phase is really similar to the Calvin Cycle in plants Remember there were 2 pyruvic acids that were groomed for the Kreb’s Cycle It takes two turns of the cycle to produce these products

20. The products of the Citric Acid cycle One more time! One turn of the cycle changes Acetyl Co-A into ______ ATPs _______ NADH ________FADH2 ________ is released Acetyl Co-A 2 acetyl Co-A takes two turns of the Kreb’s Cycle

21. What’s Next? Electron Transport Chain Or ETC for the lazy people!

22. ETC Happens on the mitochondrion membrane FADH and NADH each carry electrons and H to the Chain Electrons go down the chain and O2 is the final electron acceptor O2 binds with H to form H2O The Electron Transport Chain produces 32 ATPs That’s a lot of ATP!

23. Let’s Review 2 turns Makes 4 ATP When Oxygen is available we call this energy production is called Aerobic

24. But Oxygen isn’t always available so Anaerobic Respiration Takes place • Glycolysis takes place • Pyruvate is converted into other molecules and the Krebs cycle and the electron transport system do not occur - ** This is called fermentation • Does not produce near as much energy as aerobic respiration, but gets some animals by when they need energy! Especially FAST energy! • But this type of energy doesn’t last very long.

25. Answer these questions: Where does cellular respiration take place? Why do you think it is important that plants contain mitochondria? What evidence did you have that cellular respiration too place in the spinach disks? Make a Venn diagram to compare photosynthesis and respiration.