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Understanding Mercantilism and Its Impact on Colonial America

This section explores the economic theory of mercantilism, emphasizing that nations should accumulate as much gold and silver as possible by selling more than they buy. It discusses the importance of self-sufficiency and the role of colonies in securing raw materials and markets for finished goods. Key events include the Navigation Acts, the establishment of the Dominion of New England, and the Glorious Revolution, which led to significant political changes and colonial resistance. Influential thinkers like John Locke are highlighted, advocating for the rights of individuals against oppressive governments.

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Understanding Mercantilism and Its Impact on Colonial America

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Imperial System • Chapter 3 Section 3

  2. What is Mercantilism? • Economic theory • Countries should get as much gold and silver as possible • How?- sell more than you buy • Country should be self-sufficient • Need colonies to get raw materials and to sell goods

  3. Navigation Acts • 1st ½ of 1600s, England left colonies alone • Charles II king in 1660 • Wanted to regulate colonial commerce • Colonials must ship on English ships • Certain raw materials can only be sold to England • 1663- passes Staple Act • All goods in/out of colonies must go through England (to pay taxes)

  4. The Dominion of New England • MA refuses to follow Navigation Acts • Tells king they won’t enforce laws unless they want to • King makes MA a royal colony • 1685- James II now King • Merges MA, Plymouth, RI, CT, NJ, NY into one colony: Dominion of New England • New Governor= Edmund Andros • Enforces Nav. Acts • Undermined Puritan Church • Declared land deed void, had to pay taxes to get a new deed

  5. A Bloodless Revolution • James II makes English mad • He is openly Catholic • Ignores Parliament • Says he has divine right • 1688- male son is born • Parliament invites James’s Daughter- Mary and her husband- William to rule • James II flees • William & Mary agree to English Bill of Rights • Abolished absolute power • Parliament also pass Toleration Act- religious freedom for Protestants

  6. Glorious Revolution in the Colonies • MA revolts • Andros sent back to England • Will. & Mary restore colonies, except Maine, Plymouth, & MA are one royal colony

  7. John Locke • Wrote during Glorious Revolution • Argued government’s right to rule came from the people • People born with natural rights (life, liberty, property) • Man’s natural state (state of nature) doesn’t protect rights • Men join together & form governments to protect rights • If the government does not protect rights, people can rebel • Ideas influenced the colonies • When England took rights away, colonists could rebel

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