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Introduction to Cloud Computing: Concepts, Types, and Services

This course provides an overview of cloud computing, defining it as a distributed system of interconnected virtualized computers. It covers different cloud types (public, private, hybrid) and service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS). Learn about critical aspects such as scalability, reliability, and security. The course discusses various offerings like Storage as a Service and Platform as a Service, along with comparisons of platforms like Amazon EC2 and Microsoft Azure. Gain insights into the economic advantages and operational complexities of adopting cloud solutions.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing: Concepts, Types, and Services

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  1. Some additional words about cloud computing Lionel Brunie National Institute of Applied Science (INSA) LIRIS Laboratory/DRIM Team – UMR CNRS 5205 Lyon, France http://liris.cnrs.fr/lionel.brunie Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  2. What’s a Cloud ? • "A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers” (Buyya et al.) • “A large-scale distributed computing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically-scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet” (Foster et al.) • Start point: October/November 2007 - IBM Blue Cloud Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  3. Types of clouds • Public clouds (or external clouds) • resources are dynamically provisioned on a fine-grained, self-service basis over the Internet, via Web applications or Web services. • the cloud is hosted, operated, and managed by a third-party vendor from one or more data/computing centers • organizations/customers lease shared resources from public clouds, effectively becoming infrastructure tenants rather than owners • computing becomes a public utility • Private clouds (or internal clouds) emulate cloud computing on private networks • Hybrid clouds merge multiple internal and/or external clouds Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  4. IaaS, PaaS, SaaS • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) • provides computing environments/infrastructure i.e., hardware, software • the provisioned infrastructure can dynamically scale up and down depending on the actual needs • Amazon EC2 and S3 • Platform as a Service (PaaS) • high-level integrated environment to build and deploy applications • restrictions on the type of applications • but scalable platform • Google’s App Engine for deploying Web applications • Software as a Service (SaaS) • delivers software to consumers through the Internet • Salesforce: online CRM (Customer Relationship Management) Services ; Live Mesh from Microsoft: files and folders synchronization Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  5. Other XaaS offerings • Storage as a Service  • Data(base) as a Service (DaaS) • Process as a Service - Business Process as a Service • Network as a Service (NaaS) • Integration as a Service  • Security as a Service - Identity as a Service • Testing as a Service Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  6. Visit of a Cloud vendor web site • http://www.ibm.com/ibm/cloud/ • « Values to customers include: • Reducing IT management complexity and skill requirements • Sharing resources among multiple applications • Accelerating application launches • Supporting both existing and emerging, data-intensive workloads » Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  7. Characteristics • From the customer point of view: • Scalability • Reliability • Flexibility • Cost • Security and Privacy • Performance • Ubiquitous and fast access • Quality of Service • Service Level Agreement • Pricing system • Simple to use • From the internal point of view • Virtualization • « Grid » management Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  8. Comparison of some cloud platforms From Foster et al. Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  9. Example: Amazon EC2/S3 • Compute Cloud EC2 (Elastic Cloud Computing) • pricing: http://aws.amazon.com/fr/ec2/pricing//185-8840065-1558013/ • « private » virtualized servers (« instances ») of different types • example: High-CPU Extra Large Instance • 7 GB of memory • 20 EC2 Compute Units • 1690 GB Storage • Pricing on a per hour basis for each instance type: from $0.085/hour for the small standard "On-Demand" virtual machine running Linux to 29x more for the largest one running Windows (Jan. 2011). The data transfer charge ranges from $0.08 to $0.15 per gigabyte, depending on the volume • Data Cloud S3 (Simple Storage Service) • pricing: http://aws.amazon.com/fr/s3/pricing/ • from $0.055 to $0.14 per GB-month (standard storage), + bandwidth usage (from $0.05 to 0.12 per GB – EU price) + requests (from $0.001 to $0.01 per 1000 requests) • 556 stored billion objects (Oct. 2011) (Marc 2010: 102 billion objects) • data transfer is charged by TB / month data transfer, depending on the source and target of such transfer. Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  10. Example : Microsoft Azure Fabric Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  11. Microsoft Azure SLA • Compute : • connection to the « Compute » service > 99,95% • Web and Worker roles > 99,9% • note : service interruption  interruption > 5 mn • Storage • « failed » transactions (error rate) < 0,1% • credit = 10% if 0,1% <= error rate < 1% • Credit = 25% if error rate >= 1% Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  12. Windows Azure: pricing (1st sem 2012) http://www.microsoft.com/france/windows-azure/Offres/tarification.aspx Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  13. SQL Azure: pricing (1st sem 2012) Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  14. Windows Azure Platform AppFabric: pricing (1st sem 2012) See also offers: http://www.windowsazure.com/fr-fr/offers/ms-azr-0003p Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  15. Comparison of 3 cloud service offerings(1st sem. 2010) Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  16. Cloud Market • Gartner: • identifies the Cloud as one of the four trends that will change IT and the economy in the next 10 years (http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1470115) • predicts that the value of Cloud Computing will surge to 150.1 billion dollars by 2013 • expects SaaS demand to continue to growth to a total of more than 14 billion dollars by 2013 • IDC [BBE10]: • the market for private enterprise Cloud servers will grow from an $8.4 billion opportunity in 2010, to a $12.6 billion market in 2014 • SaaS revenue will grow five times more than traditional software • by 2014, about 34% of all new business software purchases will be consumed via SaaS. • Steve Ballmer (Microsoft's CEO) (March 2010): • about 75% (90% in a year) of Microsoft customers are doing entirely cloud based or entirely cloud inspired • Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA): • 33% among all European organizations are using cloud computing systems Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  17. PaaS types Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  18. Some cloud clients Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

  19. A market oriented vision of a cloud based IT world From Buyya et al. Master course 2011-2012 - 21/10/2014

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