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EUROPEAN UNION HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY AND MORE

COMENIUS PROJECT Building the future on the foundations of the past : comparing local architecture. EUROPEAN UNION HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY AND MORE. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY. 2007-01-01, EU ENLARGEMENT Romania and Bulgaria joined the EU Now the EU includes 27 countries.

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EUROPEAN UNION HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY AND MORE

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  1. COMENIUS PROJECTBuilding the future on the foundations of the past : comparing local architecture EUROPEAN UNION HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY AND MORE

  2. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY

  3. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY • 2007-01-01, EU ENLARGEMENT • Romania and Bulgaria joined the EU • Now the EU includes 27 countries

  4. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY EUROPEAN UNION • a family of democratic European countries; • not a State intended to replace existing state; • more than any other international organization; • Member states: • set up common institutions • delegate some of their sovereignty • More than an economic organization or trading bloc; • Three pillars (or spheres) of activities: • trade and economic matters, • justice and home affairs, • foreign and security policy.

  5. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY OUTLINE • How and why did the EU emerge? • What are its main decision-making bodies? • Progress of European integration • bursts of growth • broadening (add new members) • deepening (add new powers) • stagnation, doubts, and criticisms

  6. Destruction of World War II, 1950-05-09 “Europe Day”, Schuman (Fr.) proposed an organized Europe to maintain peace. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY „EUROPE DAY” (1950)

  7. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY 6 members: Belgium, West Germany, Luxembourg, France, Italy, and the Netherlands

  8. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY • Same 6 countries as in ECSC • Treaties of Rome (1957) • European Atomic Energy Community • European Economic Community • remove trade barriers • form common market

  9. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY MERGE OF 3 COMMUNITIES (1967) • 1967, executives of ECSC, EURATOM, and EEC were merged, • one single Commission, • one single Council of Ministers, • European Parliament: • members chosen by national parliaments • directly elected every 5 years since 1979,

  10. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY ENLARGEMENT (1973 - 1995) • 1973 - Denmark, Ireland, and the United Kingdom • 1981 - Greece • 1986 - Spain and Portugal • 1995 - Austria, Finland, and Sweden

  11. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY CREATION OF EUROPEAN UNION • Treaty on European Union was signed in Maastricht in 1992, • add to the existing “Community” system, • inter-government cooperation between member states: • justice and home affairs • foreign and security policy

  12. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY SINGLE MARKET • free movement of • goods • services • people • and capital • formally completed by January 1, 1993 • passport and customs checks were abolished at most of the internal borders

  13. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY SINGLE CURRENCY • Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) • exchange rate stability • interest rates, the budget deficit, the inflation rate, and the debt-to-GDP ratio • When the euro was launched in 1999, the European Central Bank (ECB) took over full responsibility for monetary policy throughout the euro area

  14. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY MONETARY UNION: STAGE III • European Central Bank be set up • exchange rates between participating currencies be fixed once and for all • single currency be introduced for the administrations and the banks • coins and notes of the single currency be in circulation on January 1, 2002 at the latest

  15. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY

  16. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY INTRODUCTION OF THE EURO 2002-01-01

  17. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY EU ENLARGEMENT • Three main criteria that countries have to meet before being eligible to begin negotiations to join the EU (1997) • establishment of a functioning and stable democratic regime • market-oriented capitalist economy • acceptance of the 80,000 pages of laws and regulations already on the EU’s books • Ten countries joined the EU in 2004

  18. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY EU ENLARGEMENT • former communist countries • Poland, Hungry, Czech, Slovakia, & Slovenia • former Soviet republics • Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania • Mediterranean islands • Cyprus and Malta • Two countries joined the EU in 2007

  19. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY

  20. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY EU APPLICANT COUNTRIES • Two candidate countries • Turkey and Croatia • Entry negotiations formally began in 2005 • An application for membership submitted by Macedonia was formally accepted by EU leaders in 2005 • The EU is now looking at further enlargements in the Western Balkans

  21. ZESPÓŁ SZKÓŁ NR 5 TYCHY OTHER PROBLEMS • Few people identify themselves first as European. • Key EU organizations are still superficial • Democratic deficit • Lack of common language

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