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Outcomes of NSTEMI Patients at Hospitals with and without Backup Cardiac Surgery

Explore the impact of hospital settings on the outcomes of NSTEMI patients with or without backup cardiac surgery. The study analyzes data from the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction to uncover differences in care and patient results.

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Outcomes of NSTEMI Patients at Hospitals with and without Backup Cardiac Surgery

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  1. From the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction Outcomes among nstemi patients presenting to hospitals with and without backup cardiac surgery Presented by Yuri B. Pride, MD

  2. Background • Among patients with NSTEMI, early angiography and, if warranted, PCI have been associated with improved outcomes • Because of this, there has been a proliferation of cardiac catheterization laboratories with PCI capability • Many such laboratories have been established at hospitals without backup cardiac surgery (No-OHS hospitals)

  3. Background • Elective PCI at No-OHS hospitals is currently not recommended in the most recent ACC/AHA guidelines • This is based largely on a Medicare study reporting higher mortality among patients undergoing non-primary/rescue PCI at No-OHS hospitals Anderson et al., Circulation 116 e148 Wennberg et al., JAMA 292 1961

  4. Hypothesis • Improved outcomes at hospitals with backup cardiac surgery (OHS hospitals) may be the result of its use after PCI complications or may simply be a marker of improved quality of care

  5. Objective • The goals of the current analyses were two-fold • To determine the outcomes NSTEMI patients presenting to hospitals with and without backup cardiac surgery • To specifically evaluate the outcomes among such patients who underwent PCI • In order to evaluate these objectives, we used Phase 5 of the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction, which enrolled patients from 2004-2006

  6. Methods • Three analyses were performed • Unadjusted • Propensity-matched for baseline characteristics, including transfer-in status, in the entire cohort, and then further adjusted for differences in treatment within 24 hours • Propensity-matched in the groups undergoing primary and elective PCI

  7. Results • There were 100,071 NSTEMI patients, of whom 9,189 presented to 52 No-OHS hospitals and 90,872 presented to 214 OHS hospitals • Owing to the large number of patients, there were many differences in baseline characteristics in the unadjusted populations • In the propensity-matched analysis, baseline characteristics were well-matched Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  8. Results • Patients presenting to No-OHS hospitals were significantly less likely to receive aspirin, beta-blockers or statins within 24 hours of arrival, both in the unadjusted and propensity-matched analyses • Patients presenting to No-OHS hospitals were also less likely to undergo angiography and PCI both in unadjusted and propensity-matched analyses Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  9. Results p=0.043 p<0.001 p<0.001 p=0.64 n=94,817 Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  10. Results p=0.63 p<0.001 p<0.001 p=0.50 n=14,651 Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  11. Results * Aspirin, clopidogrel, GpIIb/IIIa, statins, beta-blockers ^ Region, teaching hospital, urban setting, size, MI volume Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  12. Results • In addition, NSTEMI patients presenting to No-OHS hospitals were less likely to be prescribed aspirin, beta-blockers or statins at discharge in both unadjusted and propensity-matched analyses Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  13. Results, PCI • The propensity-matched analysis was then restricted to patients who underwent PCI, who were generally of lower risk than the overall population • There was no significant difference in the administration of aspirin, beta-blockers or statins, but patients presenting to No-OHS hospitals were more likely to receive clopidogrel in the first 24 hours. Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  14. Results, PCI p=0.62 p=0.11 p=0.51 p=0.047 n=2,513 Pride et al. JACC Cardiovasc Interv2:944

  15. Limitations • NRMI enrolled far more patients at OHS hospitals • The outcomes of patients who were transferred are unknown • Long-term outcomes are unknown

  16. Conclusions • STEMI and NSTEMI patients presenting to No-OHS hospitals have significantly worse in-hospital outcomes, even after adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics • After further adjusting for differences in hospital characteristics and adherence to guideline recommendations, the difference in outcomes was attenuated

  17. Conclusions • Furthermore, among patients undergoing PCI, there were actually differences favoring No-OHS hospitals in the administration of some medications as well as some clinical outcomes • These results suggest that efforts to increase adherence to guideline recommendations are warranted

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