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Understanding Carbon Compounds: Foundations of Organic Chemistry

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Dive into the fascinating world of organic chemistry, exploring the essential role of carbon atoms in life. Discover hydrocarbons like methane, ethane, and ethene, and learn about the four main types of macromolecules: proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Understand polymer chemistry, including monomers and the processes of dehydration and hydrolysis that form and break bonds in complex structures. This overview reveals how the arrangement of amino acids determines protein function, the significance of DNA and RNA, and the role of carbohydrates in energy storage.

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Understanding Carbon Compounds: Foundations of Organic Chemistry

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  1. Carbon and life: Organic Chemistry

  2. Organic Chemistry is scary

  3. Carbon atom

  4. C Carbon atom

  5. Methane Ethane Ethene (ethylene) Hydrocarbons

  6. H C Carbon - Hydrogen High energy bond

  7. Macromolecules 4 Types *proteins *nucleic acids *carbohydrates *Lipids

  8. Macromolecules 4 Types *proteins polymers *nucleic acids *carbohydrates *Lipids

  9. Polymer Chemistry polymer monomers (individual) (joined)

  10. Momomers Polymer

  11. Making and breaking the bonds

  12. Short polymer Unlinked monomer Dehydration removes a water molecule, forming a new bond Longer polymer Making the bond dehydration

  13. Breaking the bond hydrolysis Hydrolysis adds a water molecule, breaking a bond

  14. Polymers Polymer bonds involve water

  15. Kangaroo Rat Survives on metabolic water

  16. Protein Monomers = amino acids Polymer = protein

  17. Protein amino acids

  18. Protein 20 amino acids

  19. Protein Polymer formation Dehydration reaction

  20. Proteins are long chains of amino acids

  21. Protein 20 amino acids

  22. Groove A ribbon model Groove A space-filling model Protein function is determined by its shape.

  23. Protein shape is determined by its amino acids.

  24. Protein shape is determined by its amino acids.

  25. Protein

  26. Global Warming Coral “bleaching”

  27. Nucleic Acids Monomers = nucleotides Polymer = DNA, RNA

  28. Nucleic Acids Nucleotide (monomer) 5 bases

  29. DNA “double helix”

  30. DNA

  31. RNA single-stranded

  32. Carbohydrates

  33. Carbohydrates Monomers = simple sugars Polymer = carbohydrates

  34. Carbohydrates A simple sugar (monosaccharide) glucose

  35. Carbs are rich in C – H bonds

  36. Sucrose or table sugar

  37. Carbohydrates Starch: A polymer of glucose molecules

  38. Starch: 1–4 linkage of a glucose monomers. Cellulose: 1–4 linkage of b glucose monomers. Glucose polymers Starch cellulose

  39. Cellulose Starch

  40. Lipids

  41. Lipids

  42. Lipids saturated Hard fats oils unsaturated

  43. Lipids

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