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Oceanic Carbon Cycle

Oceanic Carbon Cycle. Upwelling brings nutrients (e.g. PO 4 ) to euphotic zone Photosynthesis (Dissolved Inorg  Particulate Organic Matter) Recycling and consumption Sinking of particulate matter Remineralization (POM  dissolved inorganic forms). S. Doney. Marine Productivity.

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Oceanic Carbon Cycle

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  1. Oceanic Carbon Cycle • Upwelling brings nutrients (e.g. PO4) to euphotic zone • Photosynthesis (Dissolved Inorg  Particulate Organic Matter) • Recycling and consumption • Sinking of particulate matter • Remineralization (POM  dissolved inorganic forms) S. Doney

  2. Marine Productivity • Upwelling brings from • below the mixed layer: • Nutrients and DIC •  increase pCO2 • Cold water • decrease pCO2 Chavez et al.

  3. atm CO2 DIC = CO2 + HCO3- + CO3= 1-2% 90% photosyn remineralization DIC, NO3 depth From the Atmosphere’s Perspective: 90 Pg C/yr

  4. 120 PgC/yr 60 60 800 PgC 1200 PgC Terrestrial Carbon Cycle • Growth, mortality, decay • Population: {ages} • Photosynthesis (climate, CO2, soil H2O, resource limitation) • Decay (T, soil H2O,..)

  5. Photosynthesis From Atm CO2 Flux Respiration To Atm Jan Dec Impact on Atmospheric CO2 • Seasonal asynchrony between photosynthesis and decomposition •  net fluxes of CO2 to and from atm •  seasonal cycle of CO2 in atm • Annual imbalance  carbon source/sink

  6. NOAA Observatories Pt Barrow, AK MaunaLoa SouthPole AmericanSamoa

  7. Atm CO2 measurements • NOAA-CMDL • ~ 100 sites at remote marine locations • Long-term increase • Seasonal cycle • N-S gradient

  8. Fossil Fuel Emissions Land and Ocean Sinks Atmospheric Increase Atmospheric CO2 Budget Land & ocean sinks ~ 50% of FF emission sensitive to climate perturbations

  9. USA China Canada UK Russian Federation Germany India Japan Total CO2 Emission: 1997

  10. Amazon-fishbone

  11. PerCapita CO2 Emission: 1997

  12. Depletion of Atm Oxygen: • Burning of Fossil Fuels  long term decrease • Decomposition of Organic Carbon  seasonal cycle

  13. Temperature Departure (K) Vostok – a station on Antarctica: Analysis of ice and gas bubbles trapped in ice yields past climate history of last 460,000 years

  14. Annual GHG Emissions per Vehicle

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