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Chapter 15 – The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Chapter 15 – The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves. Organization, Protection & Support of the Brain. The Brain Stem and Cerebellum. The Cerebrum. The Diencephalon. The Cranial Nerves. $100. $100. $100. $ 100. $100. $200. $200. $200. $200. $200. $300. $300. $300. $300.

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Chapter 15 – The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

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  1. Chapter 15 – The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves Organization, Protection & Support of the Brain The Brain Stem and Cerebellum The Cerebrum The Diencephalon The Cranial Nerves $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

  2. Topic 1:$100 Question • Which secondary brain vesicle gives rise to the cerebellum at birth? • a. telencephalon • b. metencephalon • c. diencephalon • d. myelencephalon ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  3. Topic 1:$100 Answer • Which secondary brain vesicle gives rise to the cerebellum at birth? • a. telencephalon • b. metencephalon • c. diencephalon • d. myelencephalon BACK TO GAME

  4. Topic 1:$200 Question • Which of the following supports and protects the two occipital lobes of the cerebrum? • a. septum pellucidum • b. tentorium cerebelli • c. falx cerebri • d. falx cerebelli ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  5. Topic 1:$200 Answer • Which of the following supports and protects the two occipital lobes of the cerebrum? • a. septum pellucidum • b. tentorium cerebelli • c. falx cerebri • d. falx cerebelli BACK TO GAME

  6. Topic 1:$300 Question • Which of the following structures acts as a roof over the cranial blood vessels? • a. dura mater • b. pia mater • c. arachnoid mater • d. falx cerebri ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  7. Topic 1:$300 Answer • Which of the following structures acts as a roof over the cranial blood vessels? • a. dura mater • b. pia mater • c. arachnoid mater • d. falx cerebri BACK TO GAME

  8. Topic 1:$400 Question • Which of the following statements regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is/are true? • a. The ependymal cells use both active and passive transport mechanisms to secrete CSF into the ventricles. • b. Although CSF is derived from plasma, it is not merely a simple filtrate of blood. • c. Except at the choroid plexus, the ependymal lining is freely permeable, and the CSF is in constant communication with the interstitial fluid of the central nervous system. • d. All of the above is true. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  9. Topic 1:$400 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is/are true? • a. The ependymal cells use both active and passive transport mechanisms to secrete CSF into the ventricles. • b. Although CSF is derived from plasma, it is not merely a simple filtrate of blood. • c. Except at the choroid plexus, the ependymal lining is freely permeable, and the CSF is in constant communication with the interstitial fluid of the central nervous system. • d. All of the above is true. BACK TO GAME

  10. Topic 1:$500 Question • Which of the following statements regarding endothelial transport across the blood-brain barrier is false? • a. Endothelial cells passively absorb glycine from the interstitial fluid of the brain and secrete it into the blood. • b. It is both selective and directional. • c. Even when circulating glucose levels are low, endothelial cells continue to transport glucose from the blood to the interstitial fluid of the brain. • d. None of the above is false. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  11. Topic 1:$500 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding endothelial transport across the blood-brain barrier is false? • a. Endothelial cells passively absorb glycine from the interstitial fluid of the brain and secrete it into the blood. • b. It is both selective and directional. • c. Even when circulating glucose levels are low, endothelial cells continue to transport glucose from the blood to the interstitial fluid of the brain. • d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME

  12. Topic 2:$100 Question • The cerebral cortex is linked to the diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum, and spinal cord via: • a. association fibers • b. projection fibers • c. commissural fibers • d. longitudinal fasciculi ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  13. Topic 2:$100 Answer • The cerebral cortex is linked to the diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum, and spinal cord via: • a. association fibers • b. projection fibers • c. commissural fibers • d. longitudinal fasciculi BACK TO GAME

  14. Topic 2:$200 Question • The primary motor cortex is found in which lobe of the cerebrum? • a. frontal lobe • b. parietal lobe • c. temporal lobe • d. occipital lobe ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  15. Topic 2:$200 Answer • The primary motor cortex is found in which lobe of the cerebrum? • a. frontal lobe • b. parietal lobe • c. temporal lobe • d. occipital lobe BACK TO GAME

  16. Topic 2:$300 Question • Which of the following statement regarding the postcentral gyrus is true? • a. It is found in the frontal lobe. • b. Its surface contains the primary motor cortex. • c. Its surface contains the primary sensory cortex. • d. The neurons found within its cortex are pyramidal cells. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  17. Topic 2:$300 Answer • Which of the following statement regarding the postcentral gyrus is true? • a. It is found in the frontal lobe. • b. Its surface contains the primary motor cortex. • c. Its surface contains the primary sensory cortex. • d. The neurons found within its cortex are pyramidal cells. BACK TO GAME

  18. Topic 2:$400 Question • Which of the following functional deficits may occur in an individual with a damaged visual association area? • a. Letters may be seen quite clearly, but they cannot be recognized or interpreted. • b. Written letters and words can be understood, but the person cannot read. • c. An individual can scan the lines of a printed page and see rows of clear symbols that convey no meaning. • d. a and c ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  19. Topic 2:$400 Answer • Which of the following functional deficits may occur in an individual with a damaged visual association area? • a. Letters may be seen quite clearly, but they cannot be recognized or interpreted. • b. Written letters and words can be understood, but the person cannot read. • c. An individual can scan the lines of a printed page and see rows of clear symbols that convey no meaning. • d. a and c BACK TO GAME

  20. Topic 2:$500 Question • Which of the following structures is/are not considered to be part of the “limbic lobe?” • a. parahippocampal gyrus • b. reticular formation • c. dentate gyrus • d. cingulate gyrus ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  21. Topic 2:$500 Answer • Which of the following structures is/are not considered to be part of the “limbic lobe?” • a. parahippocampal gyrus • b. reticular formation • c. dentate gyrus • d. cingulate gyrus BACK TO GAME

  22. Topic 3:$100 Question • Which thalamic nuclear group receives visual information from the eyes? • a. pulvinar • b. lateral geniculate nucleus • c. ventral posterior nucleus • d. medial geniculate nucleus ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  23. Topic 3:$100 Answer • Which thalamic nuclear group receives visual information from the eyes? • a. pulvinar • b. lateral geniculate nucleus • c. ventral posterior nucleus • d. medial geniculate nucleus BACK TO GAME

  24. Topic 3:$200 Question • Which of the following thalamic nuclei project auditory information to the auditory cortex of the temporal lobe of the brain? • a. pulvinar • b. nuclei of the anterior group • c. nuclei of the medial group • d. medial geniculate nuclei ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  25. Topic 3:$200 Answer • Which of the following thalamic nuclei project auditory information to the auditory cortex of the temporal lobe of the brain? • a. pulvinar • b. nuclei of the anterior group • c. nuclei of the medial group • d. medial geniculate nuclei BACK TO GAME

  26. Topic 3:$300 Question • Which of the following nuclei/areas stimulates smooth muscle contractions in the uterus and prostate gland, and myoepithelial cell contractions in the mammary glands? • a. suprachiasmatic nucleus • b. preoptic area • c. paraventricular nucleus • d. tuberal area ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  27. Topic 3:$300 Answer • Which of the following nuclei/areas stimulates smooth muscle contractions in the uterus and prostate gland, and myoepithelial cell contractions in the mammary glands? • a. suprachiasmatic nucleus • b. preoptic area • c. paraventricular nucleus • d. tuberal area BACK TO GAME

  28. Topic 3:$400 Question • Which of the following statements regarding the suprachiasmatic nucleus is/are false? • a. It coordinates daily cycles of activity that are linked to the day/night cycle. • b. Its output adjusts the activities of the hypothalamic nuclei, the pineal gland, and the reticular formation. • c. It is one of the ventral nuclei of the thalamus. • d. b and c ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  29. Topic 3:$400 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding the suprachiasmatic nucleus is/are false? • a. It coordinates daily cycles of activity that are linked to the day/night cycle. • b. Its output adjusts the activities of the hypothalamic nuclei, the pineal gland, and the reticular formation. • c. It is one of the ventral nuclei of the thalamus. • d. b and c BACK TO GAME

  30. Topic 3:$500 Question • Which of the following statements regarding the epithalamus is/are true? • a. It is the site of concentration of most of the neural tissue in the diencephalon. • b. The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) extends into the third ventricle from the epithalamus on either side. • c. The posterior portion of the epithalamus contains the pineal gland, an endocrine structure that secretes melatonin. • d. a and c ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  31. Topic 3:$500 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding the epithalamus is/are true? • a. It is the site of concentration of most of the neural tissue in the diencephalon. • b. The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) extends into the third ventricle from the epithalamus on either side. • c. The posterior portion of the epithalamus contains the pineal gland, an endocrine structure that secretes melatonin. • d. a and c BACK TO GAME

  32. Topic 4:$100 Question • Which of the following is not a function of the mesencephalon? • a. processing of visual and auditory data • b. generation of reflexive somatic motor responses • c. adjusts output of other somatic motor centers in the brain and spinal cord • d. All of the above are functions of the mesencephalon. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  33. Topic 4:$100 Answer • Which of the following is not a function of the mesencephalon? • a. processing of visual and auditory data • b. generation of reflexive somatic motor responses • c. adjusts output of other somatic motor centers in the brain and spinal cord • d. All of the above are functions of the mesencephalon. BACK TO GAME

  34. Topic 4:$200 Question • Which of the following accurately describes the nuclei in the medulla oblongata? • a. They may be relay stations along sensory pathways. • b. They may be relay stations along motor pathways. • c. They may be nuclei associated with cranial nerves connected to the pons. • d. All of the above. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  35. Topic 4:$200 Answer • Which of the following accurately describes the nuclei in the medulla oblongata? • a. They may be relay stations along sensory pathways. • b. They may be relay stations along motor pathways. • c. They may be nuclei associated with cranial nerves connected to the pons. • d. All of the above. BACK TO GAME

  36. Topic 4:$300 Question • Which mesencephalic structure is responsible for automatic processing of incoming sensations and outgoing motor commands, can initiate motor responses to stimuli, and also helps to maintain consciousness? • a. red nucleus • b. substantia nigra • c. cerebral peduncles • d. reticular activating system ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  37. Topic 4:$300 Answer • Which mesencephalic structure is responsible for automatic processing of incoming sensations and outgoing motor commands, can initiate motor responses to stimuli, and also helps to maintain consciousness? • a. red nucleus • b. substantia nigra • c. cerebral peduncles • d. reticular activating system BACK TO GAME

  38. Topic 4:$400 Question • Which of the following statements regarding the superior colliculi of the corpora quadrigemina is true? • a. They receive auditory data from the medulla oblongata, some of which may be forwarded to the thalamic medial geniculate nuclei on the same side. • b. They receive visual input from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus on the same side. • c. They receive auditory data from the medulla oblongata, some of which may be forwarded to the thalamic lateral geniculate nuclei on the same side. • d. They receive visual input from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus on the opposite side. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  39. Topic 4:$400 Answer • Which of the following statements regarding the superior colliculi of the corpora quadrigemina is true? • a. They receive auditory data from the medulla oblongata, some of which may be forwarded to the thalamic medial geniculate nuclei on the same side. • b. They receive visual input from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus on the same side. • c. They receive auditory data from the medulla oblongata, some of which may be forwarded to the thalamic lateral geniculate nuclei on the same side. • d. They receive visual input from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus on the opposite side. BACK TO GAME

  40. Topic 4:$500 Question • Regarding the pons, which of the following is/are incorrect? • a. It contains nuclei that process and relay cerebellar commands arriving over the inferior cerebellar peduncles. • b. It contains nuclei concerned with the involuntary control of cardiac rhythmicity. • c. It contains motor nuclei for cranial nerves which innervate jaw muscles, the anterior facial surface, and the lateral rectus extraocular muscles. • d. a and b ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  41. Topic 4:$500 Answer • Regarding the pons, which of the following is/are incorrect? • a. It contains nuclei that process and relay cerebellar commands arriving over the inferior cerebellar peduncles. • b. It contains nuclei concerned with the involuntary control of cardiac rhythmicity. • c. It contains motor nuclei for cranial nerves which innervate jaw muscles, the anterior facial surface, and the lateral rectus extraocular muscles. • d. a and b BACK TO GAME

  42. Topic 5:$100 Question • The facial nerve (N VII) carries preganglionic autonomic fibers to the ______ ganglion, from which postganglionic fibers leave to innervate the sublingual salivary glands. • a. geniculate • b. pterygopalatine • c. submandibular • d. sublingual ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  43. Topic 5:$100 Answer • The facial nerve (N VII) carries preganglionic autonomic fibers to the ______ ganglion, from which postganglionic fibers leave to innervate the sublingual salivary glands. • a. geniculate • b. pterygopalatine • c. submandibular • d. sublingual BACK TO GAME

  44. Topic 5:$200 Question • Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen ovale of the skull? • a. maxillary branch of the facial nerve (N VII) • b. maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (N V) • c. mandibular branch of the facial nerve (N VII) • d. mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (N V) BACK TO GAME ANSWER

  45. Topic 5:$200 Answer • Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen ovale of the skull? • a. maxillary branch of the facial nerve (N VII) • b. maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (N V) • c. mandibular branch of the facial nerve (N VII) • d. mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (N V) BACK TO GAME

  46. Topic 5:$300 Question • Which of the following regarding the accessory nerve (N XI) is/are true? • a. It differs from other cranial nerves in that some of its motor fibers originate in the cervical region of the spinal cord. • b. It has a mixed sensory and motor function. • c. It passes through the foramen ovale between the occipital and temporal bones. • d. a and b ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  47. Topic 5:$300 Answer • Which of the following regarding the accessory nerve (N XI) is/are true? • a. It differs from other cranial nerves in that some of its motor fibers originate in the cervical region of the spinal cord. • b. It has a mixed sensory and motor function. • c. It passes through the foramen ovale between the occipital and temporal bones. • d. a and b BACK TO GAME

  48. Topic 5:$400 Question • Which cranial nerve has its origin in the motor nuclei of the medulla oblongata? • a. facial nerve (N VII) • b. hypoglossal nerve (N XII) • c. vestibulocochlear nerve (N VIII) • d. abducens nerve (N VI) ANSWER BACK TO GAME

  49. Topic 5:$400 Answer • Which cranial nerve has its origin in the motor nuclei of the medulla oblongata? • a. facial nerve (N VII) • b. hypoglossal nerve (N XII) • c. vestibulocochlear nerve (N VIII) • d. abducens nerve (N VI) BACK TO GAME

  50. Topic 5:$500 Question • The vestibulocochlear nerve (N VIII) is/does not: • a. lie medial to the origin of the facial nerve (N VII), straddling the boundary between the pons and the medulla oblongata. • b. reach the sensory receptors of the inner ear by entering the internal acoustic meatus along with the facial nerve (N VII). • c. have sensory neurons that are located within an adjacent sensory ganglion, and whose axons target the vestibular nuclei of the medulla oblongata. • d. a and c ANSWER BACK TO GAME

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