Western Powers Rule Southeast Asia

1. Western Powers Rule Southeast Asia A Brady Sprague Power point

2. Table of Contents • Advantages of Imperialism • Disadvantages of Imperialism • Background Information • Overall effects of Imperialism • Western Powers Involved • Indigenous Response • Results of Independence

3. Advantages of Imperialism • New natural resources for The United States, Dutch, French and British • Economic gain as the region modernizes under western Influence • Suez canal built, lowering the cost of global shipping • Modernization of Japan to avoid foreign influence and domination • New lands of Australia and New Zealand discovered and explored

4. Disadvantages of Imperialism • Epidemic of disease amongst aborigine peoples, who were susceptible to European diseases • Local rulers ousted or killed to make way for Imperial governments • Sovereignty of southeast Asian lost to western powers

5. Background Information • New American clipper ships payload increases from 300 to 2,000 tons. These ships are also twice as fast as their predecessors, making shipping much more affordable • All Western powers sought new markets for their manufactured goods and raw materials for their industries in the mother country

6. Overall Effects of Imperialism • Western nations empowered as they control more resources and people • Small southeast Asian states lose their power, and sovereignty • Nationalist uprisings will spring up throughout southeast Asia as a result of Western domination • Siam the only southeast Asian state to remain independent

7. Western Powers involved • France conquers Indochina (Vietnam, Kampuchea and Laos) between 1862-1895 • Great Britain Burma and Malaya • Java, the Moluccas and Sumatra fall to the Dutch • Spain (and later the United States) control the Philippines • These nations varied in how they ruled, however most indirectly ruled through trading outposts and companies

8. Indigenous Response • Emilio Aguinaldo leads a revolt against Spanish rule in the Philippines • To prevent other powers from taking the Philippines, the United States buys them for $20 million • Aguinaldo declares the Philippines an independent nation in 1899. Ensuing war kills 200,000 Filipinos and 5,000 Americans • Revolts and resistance will come later in other areas

9. Securing Independence • The United states allowed the Philippines to elect representatives to a legislative assembly in 1907. 30 years later, they are released and become an independent state • Vietnam begins the First Indochina war in 1946, the French are expelled from Vietnam in 1954. • Civil war then ensues between democratic south Vietnam, and Communist north Vietnam. The United States becomes involved, then withdraws and Communist forces control the country by 1976

10. Results of Independence • The Philippines and Vietnam are to this day used by the textile industry, along with other industry as locations for factories • The Philippines is an independent republic, Vietnam remains one of the last holdouts of Communism in the world today