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Boundless Teaching Platform - Free Lecture Slides for Pre-Islamic Arabia, Muhammad, and Umayyad and Abbasid Empires

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Boundless Teaching Platform - Free Lecture Slides for Pre-Islamic Arabia, Muhammad, and Umayyad and Abbasid Empires

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  1. Boundless Lecture Slides Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  2. Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  3. About Boundless • Boundless is an innovative technology company making education more affordable and accessible for students everywhere. The company creates the world’s best open educational content in 20+ subjects that align to more than 1,000 popular college textbooks. Boundless integrates learning technology into all its premium books to help students study more efficiently at a fraction of the cost of traditional textbooks. The company also empowers educators to engage their students more effectively through customizable books and intuitive teaching tools as part of the Boundless Teaching Platform. More than 2 million learners access Boundless free and premium content each month across the company’s wide distribution platforms, including its website, iOS apps, Kindle books, and iBooks. To get started learning or teaching with Boundless, visit boundless.com. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  4. Pre-Islamic Arabia The Rise and Spread of Islam Muhammad and the Rise of Islam The Umayyad and Abbasid Empires ] The Rise and Spread of Islam Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  5. The Rise and Spread of Islam > Pre-Islamic Arabia Pre-Islamic Arabia • The Nomadic Tribes of Arabia • Arabian Cities • Culture and Religion in Pre-Islamic Arabia • Women in Pre-Islamic Arabia Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-rise-and-spread-of-islam-8/pre-islamic-arabia-42/

  6. The Rise and Spread of Islam > Muhammad and the Rise of Islam Muhammad and the Rise of Islam • Early Life of Muhammad • The Quran • Flight from Mecca to Medina • Islam Ascendant Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-rise-and-spread-of-islam-8/muhammad-and-the-rise-of-islam-43/

  7. The Rise and Spread of Islam > The Umayyad and Abbasid Empires The Umayyad and Abbasid Empires • Muhammad's Successors • Expansion Under the Umayyad Caliphates • Spread of Islam • The Islamic Golden Age • The Abbasid Empire Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-rise-and-spread-of-islam-8/the-umayyad-and-abbasid-empires-44/

  8. Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  9. The Rise and Spread of Islam Key terms • Al-AndalusAlso known as Muslim Spain or Islamic Iberia, a medieval Muslim territory and cultural domain occupying at its peak most of modern-day Spain and Portugal. • animismThe worldview that non-human entities (animals, plants, and inanimate objects or phenomena) possess a spiritual essence; often practiced by tribal groups before organized religion. • arabesqueA form of artistic decoration consisting of surface decorations based on rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and interlacing foliage, tendrils, and other elements. • AverroësA medieval Andalusian polymath famous for his translations and commentaries of Aristotle. • Banu Hashim clanOne of Mecca's prominent families and part of the Quraysh tribe. • Bedouina predominantly desert-dwelling Arabian ethnic group traditionally divided into tribes or clans. • caliphThe head of state in a caliphate, and the title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah; a successor of Muhammad. • calligraphyA visual art related to writing—the design and execution of lettering with a broad tip instrument or brush in one stroke. • Constitution of MedinaA formal agreement between Muhammad and all of the significant tribes and families of Medina, including Muslims, Jews, Christians, and pagans, that formed the basis of the first Islamic state. • Dome of the RockA shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem. • emirA title of high office used in a variety of places in the Muslim world. • Farewell PilgrimageThe only Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca by the Islamic prophet Muhammad, in 632 CE. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  10. The Rise and Spread of Islam • Fatimid dynastyA Shi'a Islamic caliphate that spanned a large area of North Africa, from the Red Sea in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west; they claimed lineage from Muhammad's daughter. • Five Pillars of IslamFive basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life. • hijabA veil that covers the head and chest, which is particularly worn by some Muslim women in the presence of adult males outside of their immediate family. • HijraThe migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in June 622 CE. • idolatryThe worship of an idol or a physical object, such as a cult image, as a god. • ImamAn Islamic leadership position, most commonly in the context of a worship leader of a mosque and Sunni Muslim community. • IshmaelA figure in the Hebrew Bible and the Qur'an, and Abraham's first son according to Jews, Christians, and Muslims. He was born of Abraham's marriage to Sarah's handmaiden Hagar. • JahiliyyahThe period of ignorance before the rise of Islam. • Ka'abaA building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque, Al-Masjid al-Haram, in Mecca, al-Hejaz, Saudi Arabia. It is the most sacred Muslim site in the world. • KaabaA sacred building in the city of Mecca that housed the tribal idols until the rise of Islam in 7th century, when it became the center of Islam's most sacred mosque. • KhadijahThe first wife of Muhammad. • mawaliNon-Arab Muslims. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  11. The Rise and Spread of Islam • MeccaThe birthplace of Muhammad and the site of Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran, this city is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam. • MedinaMuhammad's destination during the Hijra, which became the power base of Islam in its first century (renamed from Yathrib). • monotheismThe belief in the existence of a single god. • Nabateanan ancient Semitic people who inhabited northern Arabia and Southern Levant, ca. 37–100 CE. • polytheismThe worship of or belief in multiple deities usually assembled into a pantheon of gods and goddesses, along with their own religions and rituals. • QuranLiterally meaning "the recitation," it is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God. • Quraysh tribeA powerful merchant group that controlled Mecca and the Kaaba. • Sharia(Islamic law) deals with many topics addressed by secular law, including crime, politics, and economics, as well as personal matters such as sexual intercourse, hygiene, diet, prayer, everyday etiquette and fasting. Historically, adherence to Islamic law has served as one of the distinguishing characteristics of the Muslim faith. • Shi'aThe minority Islamic branch that believes Muhammad appointed his cousin Ali as his successor and that the caliph should be decided based on this family lineage. • SunniThe branch of Islam that believes that a caliph should be elected by Muslims or their representatives and that Abu Bakr was the first caliph. • the Black StoneThe eastern cornerstone of the Kaaba, the ancient stone building located in the center of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is revered by Muslims as an Islamic relic that, according to Muslim tradition, dates back to the time of Adam and Eve. • Umayyad CaliphateThe second of the four major Arab caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  12. The Rise and Spread of Islam • UmmahThe collective community of Islamic peoples. • UmmahAn Arabic word meaning "nation" or "community;" usually refers to the collective community of Islamic peoples. • vizierA high-ranking political advisor or minister in the Muslim world. • Zamzam WellA well located in the city of Mecca that, according to Islamic belief, is a miraculously generated source of water from God. • Zoroastrianisman ancient Iranian religion and religious philosophy that arose in the eastern ancient Persian Empire, when the religious philosopher Zoroaster simplified the pantheon of early Iranian gods into two opposing forces. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  13. The Rise and Spread of Islam Tribes in the Arabian Peninsula c. 600 CE Approximate locations of some of the important tribes and Empire of the Arabian Peninsula before the dawn of Islam. Family groups called clans formed larger tribal units, which reinforced family cooperation in the difficulty living conditions on the Arabian peninsula and protected its members against other tribes. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Map of Arabia 600 AD."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Arabia_600_AD.svgView on Boundless.com

  14. The Rise and Spread of Islam Bedouin shepherd in the Syrian desert While most modern Bedouins have abandoned their nomadic and tribal traditions for modern urban lifestyles, they retain traditional Bedouin culture with traditional music, poetry, dances, and other cultural practices. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Syrian Bedouin Shepherd."CC BY-SA 2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syrian_Bedouin_Shepherd.jpgView on Boundless.com

  15. The Rise and Spread of Islam Bedouin tribes raised camels as part of their nomadic-pastoralist lifestyle Tribes migrated seasonally to reach resources for their herds of sheep, goats, and camels. Each member of the family had a specific role in taking care of the animals, from guarding the herd to making cheese from milk. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Camels in Dubai 2."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Camels_in_Dubai_2.jpgView on Boundless.com

  16. The Rise and Spread of Islam Modern-day female art students in Afghanistan In many modern Islamic countries, Sharia combines politics and religion. For example, in Saudi Arabia it is mandatory for women to wear the hijab, while in Afghanistan it is very common but not legally required by the state. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia Commons."Center for Contemporary Arts Afghanistan in 2010."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijab%23mediaviewer/File:Center_for_Contemporary_Arts_Afghanistan_in_2010.jpgView on Boundless.com

  17. The Rise and Spread of Islam Depiction of the costumes of women in the 4th-6th centuries Under the customary tribal law existing in Arabia before the rise of Islam, as a general rule women had virtually no legal status; fathers sold their daughters into marriage for a price, the husband could terminate the union at will, and women had little or no property or succession rights. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."PLATE8CX."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Arab_societies%23mediaviewer/File:PLATE8CX.jpgView on Boundless.com

  18. The Rise and Spread of Islam Standing woman holding her veil. Terracotta figurine, c. 400–375 BC Veils were present in the Byzantine Empire and pre-Islamic Persia, and veil wearing is now a basic principle of the Islamic faith. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Veil."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VeilView on Boundless.com

  19. The Rise and Spread of Islam Quran Al-Qurʾn ا Arabic calligraphy for "Quran" Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Qu'ran."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quran%23mediaviewer/File:Quran2.pngView on Boundless.com

  20. The Rise and Spread of Islam The cave Hira The cave Hira in the mountain Jabal al-Nour where, according to Muslim belief, Muhammad received his first revelation from the angel Gabriel. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Cave Hira."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cave_Hira.jpgView on Boundless.com

  21. The Rise and Spread of Islam A depiction of Muhammad receiving his first revelation from the angel Gabriel Muslims regard the Quran as the most important miracle of Muhammad, the proof of his prophethood, and the culmination of a series of divine messages revealed by the angel Gabriel from 609–632 CE. (From the manuscript Jami' al-tawarikh by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, 1307, Ilkhanate period) Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Mohammed receiving revelation from the angel Gabriel."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mohammed_receiving_revelation_from_the_angel_Gabriel.jpgView on Boundless.com

  22. The Rise and Spread of Islam The last ayah from the sura An-Najm in the Quran Muhammad's message of monotheism challenged the traditional social order in Mecca. The Quraysh tribe controlled the Kaaba and drew their religious and political power from its polytheistic shrines, so they began to persecute the Muslims and many of Muhammad's followers became martyrs. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Surat An-Najm."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Surat_An-Najm.jpgView on Boundless.com

  23. The Rise and Spread of Islam The Hijra and other early Muslim migrations The Hijra is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib, which he later renamed Medina, in 622 CE. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com wikipedia."Hejira."CC BY-SA 3.0http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Hejaz622.jpg/316px-Hejaz622.jpgView on Boundless.com

  24. The Rise and Spread of Islam The Masjid al-Qiblatain, where Muhammad established the new Qibla, or direction of prayer Muhammad received revelations that he should face Mecca, rather than Jerusalem, in 624 CE. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Masjid al-Qiblatain."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpgView on Boundless.com

  25. The Rise and Spread of Islam Expansion of the caliphate This map shows the extension of Islamic rule under Muhammad, the Rashidun Caliphate, and the Umayyad Caliphate. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Screen Shot 2016-08-12 at 12.52.52 PM.png."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_CaliphateView on Boundless.com

  26. The Rise and Spread of Islam Map of the Abbasid Caliphate at its greatest extent, c. 850 CE The Abbasid dynasty ruled as caliphs from their capital in Baghdad, in modern Iraq, after taking over authority of the Muslim empire from the Umayyads in 750 CE. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Abbasids850."CC BY-SA 3.0http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abbasids850.pngView on Boundless.com

  27. The Rise and Spread of Islam The eye, according to Hunain ibn Ishaq Scholars developed large encyclopedias of medical knowledge during the Islamic Golden Age, such as this one from a manuscript dated circa 1200. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Cheshm Manuscript."CC BY-SA 3.0http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Cheshm_manuscript.jpg/360px-Cheshm_manuscript.jpgView on Boundless.com

  28. The Rise and Spread of Islam Painting of the Ali Baba story in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights by Maxfield Parrish The introduction of paper in the 10th century enabled Islamic scholars to easily write manuscripts, including The Book of One Thousand and One Nights. Arab scholars also saved classic works of antiquity by translating them into various languages. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Ali Bab."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ali-Baba.jpgView on Boundless.com

  29. The Rise and Spread of Islam Qur'an manuscript Surat al-Nisa Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Qur."CC BY-SA 3.0http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Qur'an_manuscript_Surat_al-Nisa'._(1).tif/lossy-page1-640px-Qur'an_manuscript_Surat_al-Nisa'._(1).tif.jpgView on Boundless.com

  30. The Rise and Spread of Islam Hamdanid gold dinar 10th-century Syria Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Hamdanid gold dinar, Nasir al-Dawla and Sayf al-Dawla."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calligraphy%23mediaviewer/File:Hamdanid_gold_dinar,_Nasir_al-Dawla_and_Sayf_al-Dawla.jpgView on Boundless.com

  31. The Rise and Spread of Islam Detail of arabesque decoration at the Alhambra in Spain Arabesque in Islamic art is often used to symbolize the transcendent, indivisible, and infinite nature of God. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Arabesque."CC BY-SA 3.0http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Atauriques.jpg/640px-Atauriques.jpgView on Boundless.com

  32. The Rise and Spread of Islam The Fatimid Caliphate at its height, c. 969 CE The Fatimid dynasty broke from the Abbasids in 909 CE and created separate lines of caliphs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, and Palestine until 1171 CE. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia Commons."Fatimid Islamic Caliphate."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatimid_Caliphate%23mediaviewer/File:Fatimid_Islamic_Caliphate.pngView on Boundless.com

  33. The Rise and Spread of Islam Medina Old depiction of Medina during Ottoman times. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Madina_Munavara.JPG."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina#/media/File:Madina_Munavara.JPGView on Boundless.com

  34. The Rise and Spread of Islam An 'ud The 'ud was one of the instruments used to accompany singers. Pre-Islamic and post-Islamic music was important for poetry and oral traditions. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia Commons."Luth'ud cor."CC BY-SA 3.0http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Luth'ud_cor.jpgView on Boundless.com

  35. The Rise and Spread of Islam A modern-day caravan crossing the Arabian Peninsula As sea trade routes became more dangerous, several tribes built the Arabian city of Mecca into a center of trade to direct more secure overland caravan routes. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."A Journey."License: Otherhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_journey.jpgView on Boundless.com

  36. The Rise and Spread of Islam Relief of the goddess Allāt, one of the three patron gods of the city of Mecca Before the rise of the monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, most Bedouin tribes practiced polytheism in the form of animism and idolatry. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Allat Palmyra RGZM 3369."CC BY-SA 3.0http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Allat%23mediaviewer/File:Allat_Palmyra_RGZM_3369.jpgView on Boundless.com

  37. The Rise and Spread of Islam The Kaaba The Kaaba is a cube-shaped building in Mecca held to be sacred both by Muslims and pre-Islamic polytheistic tribes. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Mosquée_Masjid_el_Haram_à_la_Mecque.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KaabaView on Boundless.com

  38. The Rise and Spread of Islam Muhammad and the Black Stone An illustration from c. 1315 depicting Muhammad's role in re-setting the Black Stone in 605 CE. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Mohammed kaaba 1315."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mohammed_kaaba_1315.jpgView on Boundless.com

  39. The Rise and Spread of Islam Mosque Interior of the Mezquita (Mosque), one of the finest examples of Umayyad architecture in Spain. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Spain_Andalusia_Cordoba_BW_2015-10-27_13-54-14.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate_of_Cordoba#/media/File:Spain_Andalusia_Cordoba_BW_2015-10-27_13-54-14.jpgView on Boundless.com

  40. The Rise and Spread of Islam The Great Mosque of Kairouan The Great Mosque of Kairouan, founded in 670 CE by the Arab general and conqueror Uqba Ibn Nafi, is the oldest mosque in western Islamic lands and represents an architectural symbol of the spread of Islam in North Africa, situated in Kairouan, Tunisia. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Kairouan_Mosque_Courtyard.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spread_of_IslamView on Boundless.com

  41. The Rise and Spread of Islam Coin of the Abbasids, Baghdad, Iraq, 765 CE Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Abbasids_Baghdad_Iraq_765.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate#/media/File:Abbasids_Baghdad_Iraq_765.jpgView on Boundless.com

  42. The Rise and Spread of Islam Mosque Archway Geometric patterns: an archway in the Sultan’s lodge in the Ottoman Green Mosque in Bursa, Turkey (1424), its girih strapwork forming 10-point stars and pentagons. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Green_mosque_archway.JPG."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age#/media/File:Green_mosque_archway.JPGView on Boundless.com

  43. The Rise and Spread of Islam Attribution • Wikipedia."Pre-Islamic Arabia."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia • Wikipedia."Bedouin."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedouin • Wikipedia."Kaaba."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaba • Wikipedia."Arabians."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabians • Wikipedia."Muhammad."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad • iah211dspring2010 Wikispace."Culture Pre-Islamic Arabia."CC BY-SA 3.0http://iah211dspring2010.wikispaces.com/Group+2-1+Pre-Islamic+Arabia • wikipedia."History of Jews in the Arabian Peninsula."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Arabian_Peninsula • Wikibooks."Middle Eastern Empires."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History/Middle_Eastern_Empires • iah211dspring2010 Wikispace."Pre-Islamic Arabia Culture."CC BY-SA 3.0http://iah211dspring2010.wikispaces.com/Group+2-1+Pre-Islamic+Arabia • Wikipedia."Ishmael."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishmael • Wikipedia."Kaaba."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaba • Wikipedia."Zamzam Well."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamzam_Well • Wikipedia."Mecca."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca • Wikipedia."Medina."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina • Wikipedia."Pre-Islamic Arabia."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia • Wikipedia."Arabian Polytheism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_polytheism • Wikipedia."Animism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animism Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  44. The Rise and Spread of Islam • Wikipedia."Arabians."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabians • Wikipedia."Polytheism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytheism • Wikipedia."Book of Idols."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Idols • Wikipedia."Christianity and Judaism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_and_Judaism • Wiktionary."monotheism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/monotheism • iah211dspring2010 Wikispace."Pre-Islamic Culture."CC BY-SA 3.0http://iah211dspring2010.wikispaces.com/Group+2-1+Pre-Islamic+Arabia • Wiktionary."animism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/animism • Wiktionary."idolatry."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/idolatry • Wikibooks."Middle Eastern Empires."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History/Middle_Eastern_Empires • Wiktionary."polytheism."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/polytheism • iah211dspring2010 Wikispace."Pre-Islamic Arabia Culture."CC BY-SA 3.0http://iah211dspring2010.wikispaces.com/Group+2-1+Pre-Islamic+Arabia • Wikipedia."Pre-Islamic Arabia."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia • Wikipedia."Hijab."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijab • Wikipedia."Women in Islam."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_islam • Wikipedia."Women in Arab Societies."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Arab_societies • iah211dspring2010 Wikispace."Women in Early Islam."CC BY-SA 3.0http://iah211dspring2010.wikispaces.com/Group+4-1+Women+in+Early+Islam • Wikipedia."Muhammad."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad • Wikipedia."Quraysh tribe."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quraysh_tribe • Wikibooks."Middle Eastern Empires."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History/Middle_Eastern_Empires Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

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