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World Religions

World Religions. Speed Review. Interesting Facts. Christianity is the largest religion in the world Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world, followed by Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity & Islam Muslims worship on Friday, the Jews on Saturday and the Christians on Sunday

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World Religions

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  1. World Religions Speed Review

  2. Interesting Facts • Christianity is the largest religion in the world • Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world, followed by Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity & Islam • Muslims worship on Friday, the Jews on Saturday and the Christians on Sunday • There are 3 Branches of Christianity, 2 Branches of Buddhism, 2 Branches of Islam, 4 Branches of Hinduism and 3 Branches of Judaism • Each religion is known by a symbol: Christianity (The Cross), Islam (Crescent Moon), Judaism (Star of David), Hinduism (Sacred Ohm), & Buddhism (The Wheel) • Each have sacred scriptures: Christianity (The Bible), Islam (Koran), Judaism (Torah), Hinduism (Vedas), & Buddhism (Sutras)

  3. Quotes On Religion • A religion that gives nothing, costs nothing, and suffers nothing, is worth nothing. --Martin Luther • People have just enough religion to make them hate, but not enough to make them love one another. --Jonathan Swift • Philosophy is questions that may never be answered. Religion is answers that may never be questioned. --Unknown • A fanatic is someone who cannot change his mind and will not change the subject.—Sir Winston Churchill • Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it with religious conviction. -- Blaise Pascal • Religion is for people who are trying to keep from going to hell. Spirituality is for people who have already been there.

  4. Quotes • “There is no God but Allah, and Mohammed is His prophet.” • “He is no fool who gives what he cannot keep to gain what he cannot lose.” • “the most important part of life is one’s motives, emotions, & feelings and not possessions, material objects, & money… • “Our soul passes from one body to the next. We (our soul) never die, we just keep changing bodies. How you spend your next life will depend on your karmic actions taken in previous lives.”

  5. Prayer Meditation Fasting Worshipping Chanting Tithing Pilgrimage Giving to poor (Alms) Baptism Begging/Vows Shrine Worship Reading Scripture Sermon/Guru Holy Days Kosher (Dietary laws) Communion Saints Witnessing Sacraments Clothing Ways to Exercise Religion

  6. The Buddha • 5th-6th Century BC in India (Hinduism ↓) • Prince Siddhartha Guatama decided to find a cure for the suffering of the world • He discovered the Four Noble truths and the Eight-fold path (Middle Way) to reach Nirvana • The goal of Buddhism is to awaken to Enlightenment. There is no god. There is no soul. There is no reincarnation only rebirth. Only the eternal exists & time is an illusion…We are dreaming we are alive and must be awakened to see Enlightenment, Nirvana & Eternity…

  7. The Four Noble Truths • Four Noble Truths • 1. ALL humans endure pain & suffering • 2. WE SUFFER BECAUSE we desire, we have an ego, we want more, & we are selfish • 3. To End suffering we must end desire. (Called Nirvana) • 4. DESIRE is understood through the eightfold path leading to enlightenment!

  8. Eight Fold Path (Middle Way) • Right Views- Accept the 4 Noble Truths • Right Intent- Renounce all bad thoughts • Right Speech- Speak only the truth • Right Conduct- no stealing, killing • Right Livelihood- work to benefit others • Right Effort- eliminate evil qualities • Right Mindfulness- be aware & free • Right Concentration- train mind to work. • Meditation, Haiku, Caligraphy & Koans

  9. Two Major Branches Mahayana & Theravada

  10. Hinduism • Founded: 3000 B.C. making it the oldest major religion. No founder. • Scriptures: Vedas & Upanishads • God is named Brahman, has many manifestations though (Rays of light) (Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva) • Law of Karma (action & reaction) • Reincarnation (Soul travel until released) • Believe all paths lead to God, truth cannot be limited, no exclusive way, very tolerant

  11. Beliefs of Hinduism • God is present everywhere (pantheism), all life is sacred (vegetarianism), non-violence (Ahisma) • Caste system (banned in1948) • Vedas- Four books, 1028 hymns, 4000B.C. • Shrine Worship- awake at dawn to worship • Mantras- words repeated over and over • Personal Guru- teacher as God • Vegetarians- plants, do not kill animals • Goal: “To escape the physical realm or cycle of reincarnation and become one Spirit with Brahman by purifying the soul over many lifetimes.”

  12. Islam • 610 A.D. By Prophet Mohammed • “Allah” is the true God, received final revelation (Koran) from Angel Gabriel • MUSLIMS= followers of Islam • LONG LINE of Prophets- Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus…Mohammed, the Final Prophet • Goal: Follow the Five Pillars faithfully and await God’s Judgment Day

  13. 5 Pillars of Faith • FAITH (Confession: There is no God but Allah and Mohammed is His prophet) • PRAYER (Friday mosque at noon) • 5 set times per day facing Mecca • ALMS (Gifts to the poor, 2.5% of income) • FASTING (Spiritual exercise) • Ramadan Fast for 1 month • Sunrise to sunset (No food, no drink) • PILGRIMAGE • A visit to Mecca at least once in lifetime

  14. Two Branches of Islam Sunni & Shia

  15. Judaism • 2000 B.C. By Abraham (Father of the Jews) • “YAWEH or JEHOVA” is the one true Creator • Moses received the Torah from God • Torah & Talmud are to be studied • Orthodox, Reform, & Conservative branches • Live moral lives, worship One God, Heaven may exist, Follow the Torah, God forgives good Jews • Resurrection into Heaven is granted to faithful Jews only. • Messiah (Christ) is coming to rule the World • Land of Israel belongs to the Jews

  16. Beliefs of Judaism • Kosher Laws (no pork, shell fish, blood) • 10 Commandments, People in the image of God (Equality), Freewill of Humans, Yarmulke, the Wailing Wall • Rosh Hashanah (Jewish New year 9-29) • Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement 10-9) • Sabbath (7TH day Saturday, no work allowed) • Bar Mitzvah (Manhood, rite of passage)

  17. Christianity • 26 A.D. By Jesus Christ • Scriptures: The Bible, New Testament • The Gospel: Jesus died for sins, rose again from the dead, have faith in Christ, receive eternal life and escape judgment

  18. Beliefs of Christianity • Miracles- supernatural things happen • Exclusiveness- One way to God • Morality- the heart is most important • Brotherhood- All Christians are family • Proselytizing- make disciples (Witnessing) • Golden Rule- Do unto others • 2nd Coming of Christ (RAPTURE) • Resurrection of the dead • Judgment Day (HEAVEN OR HELL) • Baptism, Prayer & Healing • Trinity (God is 3 in 1, Father, Son & Holy Ghost) • Communion, Worship & Going to church

  19. Charlemagne forced conversions of Saxons The Crusades (Christians vs. Muslims) Thirty Years War St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (Catholics killing protestants) Salem Witch Trials Al Queda (Muslims killing Westerners) Holy Inquisition (Christians vs. Jews, Muslims & Heretics) Russian Pogroms (Christians killing Jews) Massacres of Indian Independence 1947 Northern Ireland vs. Ireland 1969-Present Bosnian War Christians killing Muslims Sudanese Civil War (Muslims vs. Christians) Chatila 1982 Christians/Jews killing Muslims Sri Lanka 1983 to present Hindus killing Buddhists Ivory Coast 2008 (Christians vs. Muslims) Religious Wars

  20. Thought Paper #1 • What role does religion play or not play in your life and how has that made you a better person? • Religion has long been the cause of peace on earth as well as violent wars in the name of God. Explain why this is true. • One page on each, due tomorrow 20pts.

  21. FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS The Question: How many times do you see the letter F in the sentence above? Count them only once! Do not go back and count them again! How do you know what you know is true? Read the sentence below:

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