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Leptin A Potential Biomarker for Childhood Obesity ?

Leptin A Potential Biomarker for Childhood Obesity ?. Prevalence of Childhood Obesity . Table 1. Prevalence of Obese Children (Ages 6 to 11) at the Body Mass Index (BMI) >30 1999 to 2000 15.3% 1988 to 1994 11% 1976 to 1980 7% .

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Leptin A Potential Biomarker for Childhood Obesity ?

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  1. Leptin A Potential Biomarker for Childhood Obesity ?

  2. Prevalence of Childhood Obesity Table 1. Prevalence of Obese Children (Ages 6 to 11) at the Body Mass Index (BMI) >30 1999 to 2000 15.3% 1988 to 1994 11% 1976 to 1980 7% Table 2. Prevalence of Obese Adolescents(Ages 12 to 19) at theBody Mass Index (BMI) >30 1999 to 2000 15.5% 1988 to 1994 11% 1976 to 1980 5% Centers for Disease Control (CDC)

  3. Leptin and Obesity Cause ? Consequence ? Intervention predictor/monitor ? Prevention indicator ? Novel biomarker ?

  4. What is a biomarker ? According to an expert working group convened by National Institutes of Health, a biomarker is defined as “a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathological processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention” (Clin Pharmacol Ther. 69, 89-95, 2001).

  5. Use of a biomarker A tool fordiagnosing and stagingdisease An indicator of disease prognosis A tool forpredicting and monitoring clinical response to an intervention

  6. Structure of Leptin White adipose tissue Hypothalamus Pituitary Skeletal muscle and bone Arterial endothelium Intestines Fetus Testes Placenta 16kDa protein hormone

  7. Action of Leptin

  8. OB-Rf Leptin Receptor Isoforms

  9. Intracellular signaling by LRb

  10. Leptin Deficiency leads to Obesity

  11. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1999;341(12):879-884.

  12. Correlation between plasma leptin levels and BMI in adults n =51 J Clin Endocrinol Metab, April 2002, 87(4):1708–1716

  13. Correlation between plasma leptin levels and % body fat in adults J. Clin. Invest. 1996, 98(6):1277–1282

  14. Correlation between serum leptin levels and % fat in children Endocrine Journal 1999, 46 (5), 703-709

  15. Correlation between serum soluble leptin receptor (sObR) levels and BMI in adults

  16. Correlation between serum sObR levels and BMI in children and adolescents J Clin Endocrinol Metab, October 2002, 87(10):4587–4594

  17. Free Leptin Index Leptin/sObR J Clin Endocrinol Metab, April 2003, 88(4):1730–173

  18. Correlation between plasma leptin levels and % body fat in adults n=46 J. Clin. Invest. 1996, 98(6):1277–1282

  19. free bound free bound J. Clin. Invest. 1996, 98(6):1277–1282

  20. Leptin Resistance ? Defects in leptin access into the brain Defects in ObR Defects in ObR signaling Defects in pathways/neurons that mediate downstream leptin action

  21. - - Leptin and sObR: reason or consequence?  sObR  ObR  Leptin  Leptin  sObR

  22. Leptin, sObR levels respond to intervention Physical training Fasting/refeeding Weight-losing Surgery

  23. Plasma leptin levels after physical training in children Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:388–94.

  24. Leptin levels and exercise intervention in children and/or adolescents Clinical Biochemistry 39 (2006) 1047–1056

  25. Free/Bound leptin levels during Fasting/Refeeding J. Clin. Invest. 1996, 98(6):1277–1282

  26. Leptin, sObR levels and weight-loss in children International Journal of Obesity (2005) 29, 1230–1235.

  27. Plasma sObR and leptin levels after weight-losing surgery in adults Plasma concentrations of leptin (open bars) and sLR (hatched bars) in ng/ml in lean and morbidly obese subjects(MO). For the morbidly obese group preoperative (gastric restrictive surgery) as well as 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative (3m, 6m and 12m) values are shown. Data are depicted as mean SEM. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, April 2002, 87(4):1708–1716

  28. Plasma leptin, sObR, bound leptin levels after weight-losing surgery

  29. Baseline levels predict effects of intervention

  30. Baseline leptin levels predict the ability to lose body fat Acta Pediatr 91: 132-135. 2002

  31. Baseline leptin levels correlate with  leptin Baseline leptin = 0.55 + 1.21(baseline fat mass) Change in leptin = 22.02 – 0.40(pretraining leptin)+ 3.74(change in total mass) Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:388–94.

  32.  leptin levels predict probability of weight relapse Diabetes Nutr Metab 2003;16(5-6):306-311.

  33. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) % Boby Fat Bioelectric impedance Skin-fold thickness Diagnosis BMI Adipose tissue mass Metabolic risk factors Status of energy balance Leptin/sObR? Predict ability to lose weight? Predict ability to gain/re-gain weight?

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