Audio Video Notes- Shots and Framing

1. Audio Video Notes- Shots and Framing

2. Film Shot Types • Extreme close up- • Extreme Close Up is a type of shot that is so tight that only a detail of the subject, such as someone's eyes, can be seen.

3. Film Shot Types • Close up- • Close-up is a type of shot that tightly frames a person or an object. Close-ups are one of the standard shots used regularly with medium shots and long shots. Close-ups display the most detail, but they do not include the broader scene. Moving in to a close-up or away from a close-up is a common type of zooming.

4. Film Shot Types • Medium shot- • A medium shot is a shot from a medium distance. Sometimes, a full-length view of a human subject is called a medium shot; while others say a shot of the person from the knees up or the waist up is a close-up shot.

5. Film Shot Types • Long shot- • A long shot (sometimes referred to as a full shot or a wide shot) typically shows the entire object or human figure and is usually intended to place it in some relation to its surroundings. It is now common to refer to a long shot as a "wide shot" because it often requires the use of a wide-angle lens. When a long shot is used to set up a location and its participants in film and video, it is called an establishing shot.

6. Film Shot Types • Extreme long shot- • An extreme long shot can be taken from as much as a quarter of a mile away, and is generally used as a scene-setting, establishing shot. It normally shows an exterior, e.g. the outside of a building, or a landscape, and is often used to show scenes of thrilling action e.g. in a war film or disaster movie. There will be very little detail visible in the shot, as it is meant to give a general impression rather than specific information

7. Film Shot Types • Over the shoulder shot- • An over the shoulder shot (also known as athird-person shot) is a shot of someone or something taken from the perspective or camera angle from the shoulder of another person. The back of the shoulder and head of this person is used to frame the image of whatever (or whomever) the camera is pointing toward. This type of shot is very common when two characters are having a discussion and will usually follow an establishing shot which helps the audience place the characters in their setting. It is an example of a camera angle.

8. Film Shot Types • High angle shot- • A high angle shot is usually when the camera angle is located above the eye line. The camera looks down on the subject and the point of focus often get "swallowed up" by the setting. High angle shots also make the figure or object seem vulnerable or powerless. High angle shots are usually used in film to make the moment more dramatic or if there is someone at a high level that the character below is talking to

9. Film Shot Types • Low angle shot- • A low-angle shot is a shot from a camera angle positioned low on the vertical axis, anywhere below the eye line, looking up.

10. Framing • Rule of thirds- • The rule of thirds is a guideline which applies to the process of composing visual images such as designs, films, paintings, and photographs. the guideline proposes that an image should be imagined as divided into nine equal parts by two equally-spaced horizontal lines and two equally-spaced vertical lines, and that important compositional elements should be placed along these lines or their intersections. . aligning a subject with these points can create more tension, energy and interest in the composition than simply centering the subject would

11. Framing • Headroom- • headroom is a concept that addresses the relative vertical position of the subject within the frame of the image. Headroom refers specifically to the distance between the top of the subject's head and the top of the frame. The rule of thumb taken from classic portrait painting techniques,[2] called the "rule of thirds",[3][4] is that the subject's eyes, or the center of interest, is ideally positioned one-third of the way down from the top of the frame.[5] Moving images such as movie cameras and video cameras have the same headroom issues as still photography, but with the added factors of the movement of the subject, the movement of the camera, and the possibility of zooming in or out.

12. Framing • Leading room- • lead room is the space in front, and in the direction, of moving or stationary subjects. Well-composed shots leave space in the direction the subject is facing or moving. When the human eye scans a photograph for the first time it will expect to see a bit in front of the subject

13. Framing • Looking room- • Looking room is the space between the subject's face and the edge of the screen. More specifically, looking room is the space on the side the subject is looking toward. • The looking room rule is this: There should always be a little MORE room on the side the subject is looking toward. You are giving the subject—quite literally—space to look, or looking room.