1 / 20

Latin America and Its Independence

Latin America and Its Independence. 1800 - 1830. Presentation Overview. Part One : Latin America in 1800 Part Two: Causes of Latin American Revolutions Part Three: The Revolutions Part Four: Results of the Revolutions. Part One: Latin America in 1800.

Download Presentation

Latin America and Its Independence

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Latin America and Its Independence 1800 - 1830

  2. Presentation Overview • Part One: Latin America in 1800 • Part Two: Causes of Latin American Revolutions • Part Three: • The Revolutions • Part Four: Results of the Revolutions

  3. Part One: Latin America in 1800 • A. Geography of an Empire • Spanish colonies - 1/3 of the Americas • Portuguese - Controlled Brazil

  4. Part One: Latin America in 1800 • B. Government • 1. Run by peninsulares (Royalists) • Spanish or Portuguese appointed • Supported by the military • 2. Majority of people had no voice

  5. Part One: Latin America in 1800 • C. Economic • 1. Mercantilism • Support Mother country • Supply raw materials to mother country • Manufacturing restricted • Peninsulares run mines and trade

  6. Part One: Latin America in 1800 • D. Social Order • Stratified - Based on blood • 1. Peninsulares - Spanish born in Spain • 2. Creoles - Spanish born in America • 3. Mestizo - Spanish and Indian blood • 4. Mulattoes - Spanish and African blood • 5. Indians • 6. Africans

  7. Part Two: Causes of Latin American Revolutions 1800 - 1830

  8. Part Two: Causes of Revolution • A. Political Causes • 1. Napoleon’s takeover of Spain & Portugal - 1808 • 2. “Taxation without consultation” - angers creoles (no say)

  9. Part Two: Causes of Revolution • B. Economic Causes • Trade Restrictions • Supply raw materials to mother country (e.g. coffee, sugar, hides, silver) • Hurt development of manufacturing • Forced to remain dependent

  10. Part Two: Causes of Revolution • C. Social Causes • 1. Peninsulares and Creoles - racist attitude on lower classes • 2. 3/5ths of population - Indians (except Chile & Argentina) • 3. Freed Slaves - forced military service and taxes • 4. Indians - Forced labor in mines (mita) and taxed goods (repartimiento)

  11. Part Two: Causes of Revolution • D. Intellectual Causes • 1. Enlightenment ideas • Free trade & speech, equality before law • “Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains” (Rousseau) • American and French Revolutions successful

  12. “My children, this day comes to us . . . Are you ready to receive it? Will you be free? Will you make the effort to recover from the hated Spaniards the lands stolen from your forefathers 300 years ago?” Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (1810)

  13. Part Three: The Revolutions 1800 - 1830

  14. Part Three: The Revolutions • A. 1807 - 1825 - All Spanish & Portuguese colonies in N. & S. America gain their independence • B. Led by Simon Bolivar (Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela) and Jose de San Martin (Peru, Argentina, Chile) • C. Never able to unify all peoples • D. Peninsulares driven from power

  15. Part Four: Results of Revolutions • A. Political Results • 1. Creoles assume power • 2. Republics proclaimed in name only • 3. Military dictators (caudillos) emerge • 4. Political instability • Venezuela 52 different governments in 1800s

  16. Part Four: Results of Revolutions • A. Political Results Continued • 5. Fight over borders • 6. Catholic Church - vies for control • 7. Monroe Doctrine - Europeans don’t come back - U.S. and Britain will dominate new states

  17. Part Four: Results of Revolutions • B. Economic Results • 1. Wars disrupt trade with Spain - hurt state economically • 2. Peasants forced into military - hurts farm production • 3. Private farms (haciendas) seized • 4. Countries exploited by Great Britain and U.S.

  18. Part Four: Results of Revolutions • C. Social Results • 1. Some slaves granted freedom for military service • 2. Legal Equality in name only • 3. Racism remains • 4. Indians, blacks, mestizoes & mulattoes - few gains

More Related