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APA Writing Style II

APA Writing Style II. Methods and Results. Methods. Possible subsections: Participants Apparatus (or Materials) Procedure Measures. Method: Participants. How many How they were selected Payments made or credits given for participation, if applicable Major demographic characteristics

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APA Writing Style II

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  1. APA Writing Style II Methods and Results

  2. Methods • Possible subsections: • Participants • Apparatus (or Materials) • Procedure • Measures

  3. Method: Participants • How many • How they were selected • Payments made or credits given for participation, if applicable • Major demographic characteristics • Sex, age, race/ethnicity • Economic status, disability status, sexual orientation • Other characteristic

  4. Method: Apparatus • Describe specialized materials or equipment used in the study • We will often not have any, so omit this section

  5. Method: Procedure • Instructions to participants • Experimental manipulations • Deception • Randomization and/or counterbalancing • Other controls • Include description of measures here or in a separate measures section • If simple questionnaire/survey, can combine with Participants section or leave separate.

  6. Method: Measures • Describes the measures you used • You must include ALL measures, even measures such as age, race, or gender. • Include: • The name of the measure (when applicable) and what it assesses • Number of items in the scale (if known) • Range of scores (if known) • What higher or lower scores indicate OR categories (levels) in the measure

  7. Methods • Subsections you will probably have • Participants • Procedure • Measures • OR: • Participants and Procedure • Measures

  8. Results • Summarize data collected and statistical analyses • Mention all relevant results, even if counter to hypothesis • Often useful to restate findings in plain language • Do NOT discuss implications of results here • Not necessary to include any tables (DO NOT paste your output into the paper)

  9. Results • Age and extraversion were negatively correlated (r = -.45, p < .01). • Restate in English: • That is, younger people were more extraverted.

  10. Format Issues • Double space • Never hit enter twice, never single space • 12 point font, 1 inch margins • Indent first line of each paragraph (1/2 inch) except abstract, which is not indented • Order: • Title page (separate page, numbered page 1) • Abstract (separate page, numbered page 2) • Text (separate page, numbered page 3) • Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion • References (start on separate page)

  11. TITLE PAGE FORMAT Header with short version of title and Page # on EVERY PAGE Multiple identities 1 Running head: NEGOTIATING MULTIPLE IDENTITIES The importance of centrality for negotiating multiple identities Isis H. Settles Michigan State University Flush Left 50 characters or less, ALL CAPS ALL LINES CENTERED 1st: Title, 1st word only capitalized 2nd: Your name 3rd: MSU

  12. Abstract • 120 words or less • Overview of your study with only key information • Main purpose • Sample & Method • Results (in “English”) • One implication of results • Do NOT indent

  13. References • Hanging indent – first line is left-justified, indent all following lines • Order is alphabetical • If same author, the in order by year (earliest first) • Italicize the journal name and volume number, but not issue number (for a journal article) or book title (for a book)

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