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ESPON Workshop: “How to make regions and cities more resilient to economic crisis”

ESPON Workshop: “How to make regions and cities more resilient to economic crisis” 11 th European Week of Regions and Cities Brussels, Tuesday 8 th October 2013 Andrew Copus , The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen. TiPSE T erritorial D imensions of P overty and S ocial E xclusion.

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ESPON Workshop: “How to make regions and cities more resilient to economic crisis”

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  1. ESPON Workshop: “How to make regions and cities more resilient to economic crisis” 11th European Week of Regions and Cities Brussels, Tuesday 8th October 2013 Andrew Copus, The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen TiPSE Territorial Dimensions of Poverty and Social Exclusion

  2. “Poverty” = Income poverty (usually) • individuals/households • quantifiable but relative. - measured by ARoP rate Social Exclusion = a broader, multi-faceted phenomenon. • Affects groups • Inclusion within labour market, administrative systems, community, institutions, democracy…i.e “normal citizenship” • Essentially relational and defined by processes • Very difficult to quantify What do we mean by Poverty and Social Exclusion?

  3. Patterns of Poverty across Europe (2011) ARoP Rate: Share of population with less than 60% of the median equivalised household disposable income (after welfare transfers).

  4. Effect of social transfers: Source: Eurostat, Statistics Explained, Income distribution statistics, http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Income_distribution_statistics The blue columns show the ARoP rate in 2011 (after welfare transfers). The green coloured columns on top show what the ARoP rate would be in the absence of welfare transfers. What are the implications of austerity programmes? The importance of Welfare Policies… Before After

  5. Background shading: comparison of the (national) average ARoP rates during 2005-07 and 2009-11. Pies: Where NUTS 2 data exists for both periods the pies show the proportion of regions increasing (red) and decreasing (blue). Patterns of change during the Crisis…

  6. At risk of Poverty in Nordic municipalities..... National/Regional ARoP rates mask complex local variation… ...and across the UK

  7. Some preliminary comments… 4 “domains” – • earning a living, • access to basic services, • social environment, • political participation Labour market aspects well covered – other aspects (especially (d)) neglected. Harmonisation issues Different aspects (even within 4 domains) show different patterns (E-W, N-S, U-R) Combining these separate dimensions of SE would result in a meaningless map! Both analysis and policy need to recognise these different dimensions Patterns of Social Exclusion…

  8. Need a much clearer understanding of the different dimensions of social exclusion, and their geography. Are national/horizontal policies appropriate/sufficient to address complex patterns of regional/local differentiation in inequality? A range of policy areas address poverty and social exclusion is there sufficient policy coherence? How do different welfare approaches relate to “inclusive growth” – are they closely related/mutually reinforcing or independent/incompatible? Austerity underlines the increasing importance of informal/voluntary local community-based solutions, - social innovation. Implications for Response to the Economic Crisis

  9. Thank you for your attention… andrew.copus@hutton.ac.uk

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