Career opportunities for PhD students outside academia

1. Career Development and Employment Service Career opportunities for PhD students outside academia Department of Student Services

2. Career Development and Employment Service Learning outcomes By the end of the session you will: Have reflected on how your PhD experience can positively contribute to your employability Understand how employers might perceive doctoral students Be aware of sources of information on a range of career options for PhD holders Department of Student Services

3. Career Development and Employment Service Skills exercise: In pairs, identify the range of skills you feel you have gained or developed through PhD study. Think of examples of roles or activities which could be used to provide evidence of these to an employer. Department of Student Services

4. Career Development and Employment Service The UK Research Councils’ perspective The research councils have produced a joint document outlining the skills they would expect research students to develop. These fall into 7 broad areas: Research skills and techniques Research environment (an understanding of ethical and professional issues) Research management Personal effectiveness (eg initiative, flexibility, self reliance) Communication skills Networking & team work Career management Department of Student Services

5. Career Development and Employment Service UK Research Councils’ skills statement For more details and ideas to add to your “skills list” refer to: http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/cmsweb/downloads/rcuk/researchcareers/jsstrainingrequirements.pdf Department of Student Services

6. Career Development and Employment Service Specialist knowledge In addition to your skills you will have developed knowledge of your specialist subject area If you are applying for a post directly related to this area your knowledge will also be a valuable asset. Alternatively if you are planning a change of career direction, your challenge is to present your study in a positive way, to demonstrate your relevant skills and your motivation for your chosen career path Department of Student Services

7. Career Development and Employment Service What employers say A recent survey on employers’ views on the recruitment of researchers* showed that: 73% would welcome more applications from doctoral graduates 31% actively target doctoral graduates and offer incentives such as higher starting salaries. 22% had no particular interest in doctoral graduates (and many of these had no experience of this student group) *”Recruiting Researchers: Survey of Employer Practice 2009” – published by the Careers Research and Advisory Centre (CRAC) Ltd Department of Student Services

8. Career Development and Employment Service What employers say These statistics suggest that many employers are happy to consider applications from PhD holders, but they are not specifically targeting them. *“Doctorates can be helpful but not something we look for specifically in a candidate” *“ Although having a PhD is not an essential requirement for an employee in our organisation it is a definite asset and is viewed very positively by the firm” *”Recruiting Researchers: Survey of Employer Practice 2009” – published by the Careers Research and Advisory Centre (CRAC) Ltd Department of Student Services

9. Career Development and Employment Service What employers say This means that it is appropriate to apply for vacancies which do not list a research degree as one of the requirements, obviously providing you have the other skills/experience needed. In these cases it is essential to articulate your relevant knowledge, skills and motivation clearly within the application process Department of Student Services

10. Career Development and Employment Service What employers say Those sectors which most commonly target PhD holders are: Science and pharmaceuticals Energy and utilities Engineering and manufacturing Banking and finance These are also the sectors most likely to offer an enhanced salary (in banking & finance, the average starting salary is quoted as being around £50,000). Department of Student Services

11. Career Development and Employment Service What do employers value in PhD holders? Another survey recently published by the CIHE (Council for Industry & Higher Education) asked employers what they particularly valued in applicants with doctorates. Of those who actively seek PhD students almost 90% indicated that they value *subject-specific specialist knowledge *research/technical skills *analytical thinking/problem solving skills Source: “Talent Fishing. What Businesses Want from Postgraduates” CIHE, March 2010 Department of Student Services

12. Career Development and Employment Service What do employers value in PhD holders? “The number of postgraduates hired each year is relatively small and in primarily specialist engineering and production teams that require very specific knowledge where a Masters or PhD would be required” Senior Manager, Energy Source: “Talent Fishing. What Businesses Want from Postgraduates” CIHE, March 2010 Department of Student Services

13. Career Development and Employment Service But realism is also important Although many employers undoubtedly value what you can potentially bring to their organisation, others express reservations about the value of a PhD in the workplace. In the CIHE survey, for example, over 80% of respondents had concerns about: lack of commercial awareness limited work experience unrealistic expectations Department of Student Services

14. Career Development and Employment Service But realism is also important Also for some employers the specialist academic focus was seen as a disadvantage rather than a selling point “PhDs are too unworldly and interested too much in their own pet research” (Senior business leader in engineering) “PhDs are often too narrow and over-focused – the step-over from an academic environment to a commercial one is a tough one” (Senior business leader in technology) Department of Student Services

15. Career Development and Employment Service Your response to these concerns? Do you think these concerns have any validity? What action can you take to make sure that potential employers do not see you as “unworldly” or “over focused”? Department of Student Services

16. Career Development and Employment Service Progression of PhD students The Careers Research & Advisory Centre publication “What do Researchers do?” provides data on the destinations of doctoral graduates completing their studies in 2007. It shows that: 81% of UK-domiciled PhD graduates entered the workplace 3.1% were unemployed six months after graduating (this compares favourably with 5.5% for degree holders and 3.7% for Masters graduates) Department of Student Services

17. Career Development and Employment Service Sectors which PhD holders entered Of those entering work there was an almost equal split between those remaining in the education sector and those moving to other sectors Other main sectors include: Finance, business & IT (10% of total entering work) Health & social work (17%) Manufacturing (14%) Public Administration (5%) Department of Student Services

18. Career Development and Employment Service Roles entered by PhD holders The main roles identified by the survey include Scientific research, analysis & development Health professionals Commercial, industrial & public sector management Business and financial professionals Engineering professionals Department of Student Services

19. Career Development and Employment Service For more specific examples.. Information on case studies and job profiles can be found on: www.vitae.co.uk for the publication “What do researchers do? Career profiles of doctoral graduates” www.beyondthephd.co.uk A resource for arts and humanities researchers, career profiles and relevant articles www.careerinscience.co.uk Includes “Career stories” and information on scientific pathways Department of Student Services

20. Career Development and Employment Service Summary Many employers value the subject specific knowledge and skills that you offer, but remember that these alone will not guarantee success in the job market. Early planning is advisable. Reflect on your strengths and weaknesses and consider how you can address any skills gaps Work experience is invaluable. This will allow you to demonstrate commercial awareness in addition to more general skills often sought by employers, eg team working, communication Department of Student Services

21. Career Development and Employment Service Summary Apply your research skills to gathering information about potential employers. Identify their requirements and find out about their recruitment practices. When making applications always remember that the reader may not have specialist knowledge. Think through how best to articulate what you can offer using language which is simple and concise. Always target your applications so that you focus on your key selling points for that particular post Department of Student Services

22. Career Development and Employment Service Further Information www.vitae.ac.uk A comprehensive careers website for research students. Covers career opportunities, employment statistics, case studies and links to useful resources www.phdjobs.com A specialist jobs site www.prospects.ac.uk A general careers resource for graduates and postgraduates Department of Student Services

23. Career Development and Employment Service Career Development & Employment Service (CDES) This service has a presence at both City and North campuses and offers guidance and support to all students and to graduates for up to 3 years after they leave. This includes: The opportunity for individual discussion on areas such as career planning and job/work experience search Workshops on a variety of job search topics Information on careers events and activities For more details on the services offered and on how and where to access them please refer to the website: https://intranet.londonmet.ac.uk/studentservices/careers/ Department of Student Services

24. Career Development and Employment Service Career Development & Employment Service (CDES) The university Employment Service provides access to vacancy information for full time and part-time opportunities, vacation work and internships. For details on how to register go to: https://intranet.londonmet.ac.uk/studentservices/careers/the-employment-service/home.cfm CDES Contact information: North Campus: 1st Floor, Tower Building, Tel: 0207 133 2094 City Campus: 8 Goulston Street, Tel: 0207 320 2380 email: careers.studentservices@londonmet.ac.uk Department of Student Services