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Treatment of very early stuttering and parent-administered therapy: the state of the art

Early treatment for stuttering: what are the issues?. Is it necessary?Direct vs. indirect approachesHistorical, theoretical and practice basesSome representative approaches:IndirectDirect/indirect traditional (e.g. Gottwald, Rustin)Direct/operant (Lidcombe)Potential mechanisms for changeEffi

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Treatment of very early stuttering and parent-administered therapy: the state of the art

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    1. Treatment of very early stuttering and parent-administered therapy: the state of the art Nan Bernstein Ratner

    2. Early treatment for stuttering: what are the issues? Is it necessary? Direct vs. indirect approaches Historical, theoretical and practice bases Some representative approaches: Indirect Direct/indirect traditional (e.g. Gottwald, Rustin) Direct/operant (Lidcombe) Potential mechanisms for change Efficacy data and their limitations Future needs

    3. Therapy for early stuttering: is it necessary? The good news: 80% of early stuttering appears to spontaneously resolve (Yairi & colleagues) Potential prognostic indicators: family history of chronicity, gender, age at onset, time since onset, language profile. Poor prognostic indicators: severity, pattern, awareness The new mantra for fluency and SLI: “Watch and see” Suggested wait time from onset: up to 18 months if child does not show distress; monitor pattern and reactions The bad news: prognostic variables are defined over the population, and do not predict specific cases well (no crystal ball).

    4. Predictors of chronicity and remission*

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