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Types of Stressors

Stress and Disease Dr. Donald B. Giddon Harvard University, Fall 2013 Types of Stressors Question I - What factors are stressful for a given individual ?. Types of Stressors. Physical Biological Chemical Psychosocial. What makes an event or stressor stressful?.

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Types of Stressors

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  1. Stress and Disease Dr. Donald B. Giddon Harvard University, Fall 2013Types of StressorsQuestion I - What factors are stressful for a given individual?

  2. Types of Stressors • Physical • Biological • Chemical • Psychosocial

  3. What makes an event or stressor stressful? • Differences between animals and humans • Sapolsky • Executive monkey

  4. - Radiation - Physical Impact - Trauma - Crowding Population density Physical Stressors

  5. Biological Stressors • Predators • Micro-organisms • Food supply • Sleep deprivation • Substance withdrawal • Allergens

  6. Chemical Stressors • Toxins • Water • Airborne • Chemical • weapons • Environmental • pollutants

  7. Biological Stressors – Food Each year, about 76 million people in the United States become ill from the food they eat, and about 5,000 of them die. According to the C.S.P.I.*, the riskiest foods are: 1.Leafy greens 2. Eggs 3. Tuna *Center for Science in the Public Interest http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/06/top-10-food-poisoning-risks/

  8. CROWDING

  9. CROWDING

  10. CROWDING (at the wrong time in the wrong place in the wrong job)

  11. Species Differences for Crowding as a Stressor

  12. It is sometimes difficult to separate space as a physical stressor from space as a psychosocial stressor

  13. Interpersonal Impact - Personal Space, cf. with Crowding as a Physical Stressor Hall, E.T. The Hidden Dimension. Anchor, 1990

  14. Psychosocial Stressors Source: • Family and significant others • Care givers • Siblings • Generational • Birth order • Friends • Roommates • Colleagues

  15. Psychosocial Stressors (cont’d) • Occupation • Training • Responsibilities • Job satisfaction • Interpersonal relations • Role stress and personality • Unemployment • Retirement • Predictability • Lack of control

  16. Psychosocial Stressors (cont’d) • Role Stress - Overload - Conflict - Ambiguity • Role vs. Status • Situational • Religious affiliation • Gender differences • Restriction of personal space • Bereavement • Other situational stressors : • Public speaking - Daily hassles - Exams - Gender inequities • Sensory • Surprise/ Startle - Overload - Deprivation • Perception as an intervening variable

  17. Links Between Work and Adult Health From: Clougherty et al., 2010, Fig. 3

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