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CLASSE II ATER a.s .201 5/2016 PROJECT ON MATERIALS

CLASSE II ATER a.s .201 5/2016 PROJECT ON MATERIALS. tin. iron. copper. lead. glass. gold. brass. silver. aluminium. steel. Cast iron. titanium. There are five MATERIAL GROUPS :. Metals. Ceramics. Plastics. Fibres. Glass. EXAMPLES. METALS. STEEL.

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CLASSE II ATER a.s .201 5/2016 PROJECT ON MATERIALS

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  1. CLASSE II ATERa.s.2015/2016PROJECT ON MATERIALS tin iron copper lead glass gold brass silver aluminium steel Cast iron titanium

  2. There are five MATERIAL GROUPS : Metals Ceramics Plastics Fibres Glass

  3. EXAMPLES METALS STEEL THEIR MAIN CHARACTERISTICS: HARD STRONG HIGH DENSITY GOOD CONDUCTORS OF HEAT AND ELECTRICITY LEAD • MALLEABLE • DUCTILE • USUALLY BURN ON HEATING • HIGH MELTING POINTS COPPER IRON BRASS

  4. PLASTICS Typical properties: • Flexible • Low Density • Easily Moulded • Poor Conductors of Heat and Electricity • Often Transparent • Melt and often Burn on Heating Examples: NYLON POLYETHANE POLYSTYRENE

  5. CERAMICS Ceramics are inorganic,non-metallic,solid and crystalline EXAMPLES China, Bricks, Tiles, Pots TYPICAL PROPERTIES • Hard • Brittle • Medium density • very high meltingpoints • Non –conductorsofheat and electricity • Veryunreactive • Do notburn

  6. GLASS PROPERTIES • Hard • Brittle • Medium density • Very high meltingpoints • Non –conductorsofheat and electricity • Veryunreactive • OftenTrasparent EXAMPLES Pyrex, Lead Crystal, Soft soda glass

  7. FIBRES TYPICAL PROPERTIES : EXAMPLES • Wool • Paper • Cotton • Rayon • Polyester • Flexible • Low density • May burn on heating • Long stringystrands

  8. METALS • Metals are used in everyday life and halfofthem are usedforalloyswithothermetals. • Solidity and hardness are characteristicsof metals,butmercuryisliquid and bothpotassium and sodium are very soft. Leadisalso soft and easilyscratched. • Mostmetals are heavybutlithiumis the lightestofallsolids. • Gold,silver,platinum and mercury are knownaspreciousmaterials.

  9. NON-METALS

  10. COMPOSITE MATERIALS Composite materials are new types of products, made thanks to the flexibility of composite materials. Carbonfibres are very strong. They are used in manystructuralcomponentsranging from propellers and rotorblades to body armour.

  11. IRON Ironis the secondmostabundant metal found in the earth’scrust. Itis the most common and useful of allmetals. Itis silver grey , stronglymagnetic , hard , malleable and ductile. Ironisonlyfound in its pure form in meteorites, so ithas to be extracted from variousores. The most common ones are magnetite and pyrite.

  12. STEEL • Hardenedsteel • Hard • Strong • Unmalleable • Mildsteel • Softer • More malleable

  13. CAST IRON Cast Iron = smelting and carbon • Heavy • Brittle

  14. ZINC • Zinc is a metal which cannot be found in nature as a pure metal. • Its mostcommon ores are zinc blend and calamine. • The metal is used for roofing. • It is also used to galvanise iron to prevent rusting. • Zinc forms a large number of alloys.

  15. TIN Tindoesnotoccur in a pure state in nature. The main source is the tinstone. Tinis a soft, malleable metal with a silver-white lustre. Itsmain use is in the coating of steel to preventrusting. Tinplateisalsoused in the canningindustry.

  16. SILICON It Is a semiconductor. • flexible • malleable It is used in a variety of applications because it is • waterproof Solar panels Integrated circuits Microprocessors Silicon has a number of uses in Transistors Construction Industry The automotive Industry

  17. NITINOL Nitinolis a Smart Shape Memory Alloy. Nitinol can be used for medicalpurposes. It can also be used for the frames in yourglasses.

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