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Urban Audit Italy. The state of the art: dataset and geography . Livia Fay Lucianetti

Urban Audit Italy. The state of the art: dataset and geography . Livia Fay Lucianetti Alessandra Ferrara Gianluigi Salvucci Brussels , 10/05/2017. Summary. Update on variables New and revised data Metadata Proposals for new statistical information New geography

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Urban Audit Italy. The state of the art: dataset and geography . Livia Fay Lucianetti

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  1. Urban Audit Italy. The state of the art: dataset and geography. Livia Fay Lucianetti Alessandra Ferrara Gianluigi Salvucci Brussels,10/05/2017

  2. Summary Update on variables New and revised data Metadata Proposals for new statistical information New geography Differences in OECD and EC definitions

  3. 1. Update on variables Italy’s Urban Audit database is undergoing several changes. In particular, the data has been revised and integrated. Ways of enhancing the data supply have been explored. This has led to the provision of new data and of existing data that has been organized, validated and integrated with metadata specifically for the Urban Audit dataset. Current activities: • Reviewing the data disseminated on the Urban Audit online database and filling informative gaps (providing missing years in variables time series; introducing new variables; revising time series) • The data will be organized according to the revised Urban Audit universe for Italy (new city list/new FUAs) • 2015 updates (demography variables; culture and tourism variables; travel patterns variables) • We are also planning to provide the variables on the population revised with the inter-census population (years 2006 to 2011) by the end of the Grant and, more in general, to provide the data of the past years for the entire UA universe.

  4. Tab. 1 Variables update

  5. 2. New and revised data

  6. 3. Metadata The metadataisbeingorganised in a new metadata file containingvariables’ domain,code, label, unit, source, references, deviations from definitions, notes. Examples • Total use of water: only water for domesticuser can be provided • Students enrolled in ISCED 5-8 courses: Data is provided by Italy’s Ministry of universities and research. The n. of students of foreign universities is not included because it is not available. In order to provide data on students that is study-place based, the address of the premises where the courses take place was considered and the students of campuses situated in another city were not counted. Students of online courses are not included. • Number of private cars registered: Italy’s total differs from the sum of the cars registered in all Italian municipalities because it includes a number of cars belonging to those who are not resident on the national territory and a number of cars that was not possible to attribute to a specific territory. • N. of museum visitors: With regards to data available for year 2011, it is necessary to consider that: a. The values refer to museum visits and not to individual visitors. b. the values in some cases are observed and in others they are estimates Data available for year 2015 is not comparable to that of 2011 because the units of analysis (museums) are changed and because the survey process has undergone various changes.

  7. 4. Proposals for new statistical information • At ISTAT there is currently data available for calculating FUAs on variables such as all companies and local units, n. museum visitors, n. bed places in tourist accommodation establishments, municipal waste generated. If Eurostat and other MS are interested we could consider introducing new FUA layers for this information in future projects (grants). • Other data available is that on different types of vehicles at LAU2 level. It would be interesting to discuss the introduction of new information on motorbikes, trucks, buses, total vehicles etc. as their presence heavily impacts the city environment and quality of life.

  8. 5. New geography Italy’s Urban Audit universehasalsoundergoneimportantchanges. The city list wasrevisedaccording to the criteriapresented in the Methodological Manual 2017, ensuring that all LAUs that have code 1 in the degree of urbanisation classification are on the city list as cities or part of Greater cities. Cities and theirFUAswereredefinedaccording to the 2011 populationgrid and to the commutingflowsbased on the 2011 populationcensus.

  9. 6. Differences in OECD and EC definitions However, we would like to submit to your attention the fact that there seem to be some differences in the EC city definition (presented in “Cities in Europe. The new OECD-EC definition” RF 01/2012 and in the various editions of the Methodological Manual on city statistics) and the OECD definition presented in the OECD document “Definition of Functional Urban Areas (FUA) for the OECD metropolitan database. September 2013”.

  10. The EC city definition • Istat made the new revisions of the city and FUA list on the basis of the EC definition, that is structured in the four steps: • Step 1: All grid cells with a density of more than 1 500 inhabitants per sq. km are selected. • Step 2: The contiguous high-density cells are then clustered, gaps are filled and only the clusters with a minimum population of 50 000 inhabitants are kept as an 'urban centre'. • Step 3: All the municipalities (local administrative unit level 2 - LAU2) with at least half their population inside the urban centre are selected as candidates to become part of the city. • Step 4: The city is defined ensuring that: • 1) there is a link to the political level • → political link condition • 2) that at least 50% of the city population lives in an urban centre • → tot. pop. in HDC cells>= 50% tot. LAU2 pop (“first” selection condition of the EU Commission definition) • 3) that at least 75% of the population of the urban centre lives in a city • → tot LAU2 pop. Living in HDC cells >= 75% tot. pop. in HDC cells (“second” selection condition of the EU Commission definition) • Source: European Commission (2012) Cities in Europe. The new OECD-EC definition, RF 01/2012, pp. 2-3

  11. The OECD city definition The definition contained in the OECD “Definition of Functional Urban Areas (FUA) for the OECD metropolitan database. September 2013”, p.4, does not contain a reference to the “second” condition of the European Commission definition nor to the political link condition. If we create FUAs using the two definitions, we have some differences in the FUA’s composition and form. Source: OECD (2013) “Definition of Functional Urban Areas (FUA) for the OECD metropolitan database. September 2013”.

  12. Some case studies: PADOVA The definition of Functional Urban Areas for the EC and the OECD Source: Istat (2017) Forme, livelli e dinamichedell’urbanizzazione in Italia, p. 85

  13. Some case studies: PADOVA How to delimit the urban centre The HDC polygongoesbeyond the the LAU2 boundaries of Padova.

  14. The Functional Urban Areas defined around the two urban centres/core cities is different EUROSTAT OECD

  15. Differences between the final EC and Oecd dataset Small differences? Although the datasets are similar in numbers, their geographic bases are very different • The 2 datasets differ geographically for: 20,8% of LAU2 number18,9% of Area 9,2% of Population

  16. HarmonisedMethodology - Critical points Some case study: NAPLES High DensityCluster Naples’ High DensityCluster From a Morphological Urban Area……..

  17. Some case studies: NAPLES’ CORE and FUA indicators for the OECD and EUROSTAT How to delimit Functional Urban Areas

  18. Some case studies: Naples’ FUA for Eurostat • No LAU2 reaches the 75% of HDC populationthreshold • Eurostatselects the hierarchicallyhigheradministrativeunitasUrban Centre (Naples’ NUTS3)…. • … and selects, in itssurrounding area, the LAU2s to be included in the FUA (TTW flows to Naples’ NUTS3) (commuting zone) • The FUA covers an area alignedalong the W-E axis (instead of the NW-SE axis of the Urban Cluster) includingalso a portion of the Avellino NUTS3 How to delimit Functional Urban Areas Napoli LAU2 Naples’ Greater City (NUTS3) Eurostat – Naples’ FUA

  19. Some case studies: Naples’ FUA for the OECD • OECD selectsasUrban Core all LAU2s whereatleast 50% of the populationliveswhithin the HDC ….. • … and selectsaroundthismorphological area the LAU2s to be included in the FUA (TTW flows to the Urban Core) (commuting zone) • The FUA covers an area alignedalong the NW-SE axis of the Urban Cluster • Part of the NUT3 administrativeunitisexcluded. How to delimit Functional Urban Areas Napoli LAU2 Naples’ Urban Core Oecd – Naples’ FUA

  20. Some case studies: Turin’s FUA for Eurostat Some case studies: Turin’s FUA for the OECD

  21. References Ferrara A. and Salvucci G. (2017) «Confini amministrativi, morfologie insediative e spazi delle relazioni: intersezioni che disegnano le nostre città», in Istat (2017) Forme, livelli e dinamiche dell’urbanizzazione in Italia European Commission (2012) Cities in Europe. The new OECD-EC definition, Regional Focus 01/2012 OECD (2013) Definition of Functional Urban Areas (FUA) for the OECD metropolitan database. September 2013

  22. Thankyou for yourattention liviafay.lucianetti@istat.it ferrara@istat.it salvucci@istat.it

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