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Exploring the Sensory Division: Sight, Hearing, Smell, Taste, Touch

Delve into the intricate world of sensory organs and their specialized functions. Learn about the eyes and ears for sight and hearing, while exploring the fascinating realms of smell, taste, and touch. Understand the complex role these senses play in perceiving the world around us.

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Exploring the Sensory Division: Sight, Hearing, Smell, Taste, Touch

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  1. Sensory Division Sight Hearing Smell Taste Touch

  2. Vision Specialized organs: the eyes Role: Light image sensing 3 layers in eyes

  3. Outer Layer • Sclera (“whites”) • Maintains shape and attaches muscle • Cornea • Clear, protective layer • Light entry

  4. Middle Layer • Anterior Chamber • Filled with aqueous humor

  5. Middle Layer • Iris - pigmented • Holds blood vessels • Regulates pupil size muscles

  6. Middle Layer • Pupil • Black disk • Opening to interior of the eye

  7. Middle Layer • Lens • Immediately behind pupil • Convex • Bends light for focus

  8. Middle Layer • Vetreous Chamber • Filled with vetreous humor

  9. Inner Layer • Retina • Photoreceptors • Makes images

  10. Photoreceptors • Rods – 125 million • Black & white (used in dim light) • Cones – 7 million • 3 types • Color (used in bright light)

  11. Hearing Specialized organs: the ears Role: Detecting sound (pitch & volume)

  12. Hearing • Auditory canal  Tympanic membrane (eardrum)  3 bones • Malleus (hammer) • Incus (anvil) • Stapes (stirrups)

  13. Cochlea • Moves sound to the auditory nerve • Organ of Corti contains hair cells that bend and create action potentials

  14. Balance The ear is also responsible for maintaining balance But how, Mr. Schoedel?!

  15. Balance • 3 fluid-filled semicircular canals in the inner ear • Filled with fluid • Lined with hair cells that have otoliths (calcium carbonate) on their heads

  16. Smell Perceived by specialized chemoreceptors in the nasal passage called olfactory receptors Not much else is known

  17. Taste • Related to smell • Perceived by specialized chemoreceptors called taste buds • Four types: Sweet, Salty, Sour, Bitter

  18. Touch • Variety of receptors • Touch • Pressure • Tension • Temperature • Pain

  19. Touch • Number of receptors vary • 3 heat for 1 cold • More touch receptors in the face, lips, fingers, and toes • More pain receptors at hands and mouth

  20. Touch • Types of pain sensations • Burning pain • Prickling pain • Aching pain

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