EOG Practice Questions

1. EOG Practice Questions

2. Inherited Traits

3. 1. Which best explains why a population of cactuses in a desert all have bright red flowers? A. The population members got this trait from the desert ecosystem. B. The parents inherited this trait from their offspring. C. The offspring learned this trait from their parents. D. The offspring inherited this trait from their parents.

4. 2. In the table below, a student recorded different characteristics she observed. Which characteristic did the student record in the wrong column of the table? A. A dog knows how to sit on command. B. A goldfish knows how to swim. C. A woman can read German. D. An eagle has two legs

5. 3. When a fern plant is placed near a window, the fern grows toward the sunlight. Where did the fern get this trait? A. from its location B. from the soil C. from its food D. from its parents

6. 4. Which is an example of a learned behavior? A. A bear looks for food in the trash. B. A human baby cries. C. A tiger cares for its young. D. A blue jay eats seeds.

7. 5. Which best explains why a certain horse has longer legs than its father? A. The horse inherited traits only from its mother. B. The horse learned different behaviors than its father. C. The horse acquired more traits during its lifetime. D. The horse inherited traits from both its parents.

8. 6. Which best explains why a puppy and its parents all have white fur with black spots? A. The puppy inherited its fur color from its parents. B. The parents inherited their fur color from their puppy. C. The puppy learned how to get its fur color from its parents. D. The puppy and its parents got their fur color from their ecosystem.

9. 7. A boy and his father each have a small scar on one arm. Which best describes the boy’s scar? A. learned behavior B. inherited trait C. acquired trait D. inherited behavior

10. 8. A hamster has brown and white fur, short legs, small ears, and a scar on one of its legs. Which trait did the hamster most likely not inherit from its parents? A. brown and white fur B. short legs C. small ears D. scar on its leg

11. 9. Lauren records four observations about her friend. In which observation does Lauren describe an inherited trait? A. Red is Josh’s favorite color. B. Josh’s eyes are green. C. Josh knows how to speak Spanish. D. Josh likes to ride his bike

12. 10. A pet monkey can grunt and fetch toys on command. The monkey has black fur and a scratch on one of its limbs. Which of the monkey’s traits is a learned behavior? A. its ability to grunt B. its ability to fetch toys C. the scratch on its limb D. its black fur

13. 11. Which trait will a man’s children most likely inherit from him? A. being able to ride a bike B. having a cut on a toe C. knowing how to read D. being able to laugh

14. Ecosystems

15. 12. Which best compares lakes and oceans? A. Both are large bodies of freshwater. B. Both are large bodies of salt water. C. Only lakes include fish. D. Only oceans include corals.

16. 13. An organism gets the nutrients it needs by breaking down dead leaves. Which is the best way to classify the organism? A. as a producer B. as a decomposer C. as an herbivore D. as a consumer

17. Which is a living part of both a grassland and a forest ecosystem? A. soil B. pine tree C. shrub D. rocks

18. 15. Which best describes an ecosystem? A. all the living and nonliving things in an area B. all the organisms of the same kind in an area C. a large area, such as a forest D. a place where many organisms live

19. 16. Which describes one way that energy is transferred in a food chain? A. from one producer to another producer B. from a consumer to a producer C. from a producer to a consumer D. from a producer to the sun

20. 17. Eelgrass is a major source of food for birds and turtles in an estuary. What will most likely happen to the bird and turtle populations if people remove the eelgrass to build a bridge? A. The turtle population will increase, but the bird population will decrease. B. Both the bird population and the turtle population will increase. C. The bird population will increase, but the turtle population will decrease. D. Both the bird population and the turtle population will decrease.

21. 18. How do bacteria most likely affect birch trees in a forest? A. Bacteria add nutrients to soil that birch trees need. B. Bacteria help birch trees reproduce by spreading pollen. C. Bacteria provide energy that birch trees need. D. Bacteria help birch trees reproduce by spreading seeds.

22. 19. Which organism is the best example of a consumer? A. algae B. fungus C. raccoon D. pine tree

23. 20. Which organism most likely lives in a grassland ecosystem? A. trout B. bison C. bear D. crab

24. 21. In a lake ecosystem, how would people catching too many minnows most likely affect the minnows’ predators? A. The predators would lose much of their food source. B. The predators would move to a new lake. C. The predators would not be affected. D. The predators would reproduce more.

25. 22. Which describes how a consumer uses a producer to get energy? A. A mouse eats green sprouts. B. An alligator consumes a duck. C. Fungus grows in soil under a tree. D. A vulture feeds on a dead fox.

26. Weather

27. 23. During January and February, which most likely helps keep weather mild along the coast of North Carolina? A. El Niño B. La Niña C. the Gulf Stream D. the jet stream

28. 24. If a wind vane points south, which is the best conclusion? A. The wind is blowing toward the south. B. A storm is coming from the north. C. The wind is blowing from the south. D. The wind is increasing in speed.

29. 25. A girl is conducting an investigation in which she will predict the weather. Which tool will she most likely need? A. spring scale B. barometer C. pan balance D. meter stick

30. 26. Local weather changes daily. Which of these would not be part of a daily weather report? A. wind speed B. air pressure C. amount of precipitation D. location of the Gulf Stream

31. 27. Which type of weather will most likely result if a cold front approaches in the month of February? A. thunderstorm B. sunny skies C. snowstorm D. rising temperatures

32. 28. A student is conducting an investigation in which she observes and records weather conditions. If she observes high, wispy clouds that look a little like feathers, which should she record in her data table under “Clouds”? A. fog B. cirrus C. stratus D. cumulus

33. 29. On Tuesday, the weather is cold and cloudy. On Wednesday, the weather is sunny and warm. Which change most likely occurred from Tuesday to Wednesday? A. from high to low temperature B. from low to high air pressure C. from low to high wind speed D. from low to high precipitation

34. 30. Which best explains why the area near the North Pole tends to be colder all year than areas at lower latitudes? A. The North Pole is in a temperate zone. B. Areas in lower latitudes are farther from the ocean. C. Polar zones get the least energy from the sun. D. Polar zones get less snow than temperate zones.

35. 31. Which are low, gray clouds that seem to blanket the sky? A. cirrus B. stratus C. cumulus D. atmosphere

36. 32. A local weather forecaster predicts that a hurricane will begin to affect the Outer Banks of North Carolina in the next 24 hours. Which weather conditions will the hurricane most likely bring? A. heavy snow and cold temperatures B. clouds and light rain C. sunshine and warm temperatures D. strong winds and heavy rain

37. 33. How would the weather conditions most likely change from summer to fall in most parts of the United States? A. from cloudy to sunny B. from snowy to rainy C. from cool to cold D. from warmer to cooler

38. 34. Weather forecasters predict that the polar jet stream will dip south into North Carolina. Which will most likely be the result in North Carolina? A. The wind speed will decrease. B. The air pressure will increase. C. The temperature will increase. D. The temperature will decrease.

39. 35. Which is most likely to cause cooler than normal temperatures along the coast of California? A. the jet stream B. the Gulf Stream C. La Niña D. El Niño

40. Heat Transfer

41. 36. Which is an example of heat being transferred by radiation? A. an ice cube melting in a hot bowl of soup B. sunlight warming a puddle of water C. a mug of hot coffee warming a person’s hands D. hot water moving from the bottom of a kettle to the top

42. 37. Spoons made of steel, wood, copper, and plastic are placed in a pot of hot water. Which spoon or spoons will most likely heat up easily? A. steel spoon B. steel and copper spoons C. steel, wood, and copper spoons D. steel, wood, and plastic spoons

43. 38. When does heat stop flowing between two objects? A. when the objects reach the same temperature B. when one object gains enough heat to melt C. when one object loses enough heat to freeze D. when one object loses all of its heat

44. 39. A small beaker of liquid is placed inside a large beaker of liquid. The temperature of the liquid in the small beaker begins to increase. Which is the best explanation for this change? A. A chemical change occurred between the two liquids. B. Radiation from the sun reached the small beaker. C. Heat flowed from the large beaker to the small beaker. D. Heat flowed from the small beaker to the large beaker.

45. 40. Which object would best conduct thermal energy? A. silver spoon B. glass bottle C. wood bowl D. plastic cup

46. 41. Michael measures the temperatures of copper, silver, steel, and gold wires before and after placing them in hot water. Which idea is Michael most likely testing in his investigation? A. Many types of materials besides metals are good conductors. B. Many types of metals are good conductors. C. Copper is a better conductor of heat than plastic. D. Plastic is a better conductor than gold.

47. 42. A pot of soup heats on a hot plate. Which occurs as a result of convection? A. Heat gets transferred to the pot. B. Heat gets transferred to the pot and some of the soup. C. Heat gets transferred throughout the soup. D. Heat gets transferred to the hot plate

48. 43. If two solid objects are stacked one on top of the other, how will heat flow between them? A. from the top object to the bottom object B. from the larger object to the smaller object C. from the warmer object to the cooler object D. from the lighter object to the heavier object

49. 44. Which is an example of heat transfer by conduction? A. Sunlight heats the sand on a beach. B. A metal spoon gets hot in a pot of boiling water. C. A campfire warms the campers sitting near it. D. A radiator warms the air throughout a room.

50. Force and Motion