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Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce

Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce. Presentation to: Resource Practices Branch Victoria, BC October 1, 2012. Typical pattern of growth response following “conventional” fertilization Type 1 response. Unfertilized. “Conventional” fertilization (Type 1).

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Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce

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  1. Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Growth of Interior Spruce Presentation to: Resource Practices Branch Victoria, BC October 1, 2012

  2. Typical pattern of growth response following “conventional” fertilizationType 1 response Unfertilized “Conventional” fertilization (Type 1) Fertilize

  3. Typical pattern of growth response following “conventional” fertilizationType 1 response Unfertilized “Conventional” fertilization (Type 1) Fertilize

  4. Typical pattern of growth response following “intensive” fertilizationType 2 response Unfertilized “Conventional” fertilization (Type 1) “Intensive” fertilization (Type 2) Fertilize

  5. Effects of yearly fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in northern Sweden from Bergh et al. (2005)

  6. Relationship between stem wood production and light interception by forest canopy

  7. How can light interception be maximized?

  8. How can light interception be maximized? • Increase the length of the growing season

  9. How can light interception be maximized? • Increase the length of the growing season • Increase the amount of leaf area

  10. How can light interception be maximized? • Increase the length of the growing season • Increase the amount of leaf area • Leaf area is strongly influenced by nutrient availability

  11. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area

  12. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area Current

  13. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area Potential Current

  14. “Maximum Productivity” fertilization researchEP 886.13 • Objectives • determine the effects of different regimes and frequencies of repeated fertilization on the growth and development of young, managed interior spruce and lodgepole pine forests

  15. “Maximum Productivity” fertilization researchEP 886.13 • Objectives • determine the effects of different regimes and frequencies of repeated fertilization on the growth and development of young, managed interior spruce and lodgepole pine forests • document the long-term effects of intensive, repeated fertilization on above- and below-ground timber and non-timber resources

  16. Interior spruce study sites Crow Creek • SBSmc2 • 10 years old, planted

  17. Interior spruce study sites Crow Creek • SBSmc2 • 10 years old, planted Lodi Lake • SBSwk1 • 11 years old, planted

  18. Interior spruce study sites Crow Creek • SBSmc2 • 10 years old, planted Lodi Lake • SBSwk1 • 11 years old, planted Hand Lake • SBSmk1 • 14 years old, planted

  19. Treatments • Control • N+B • N+S+B • “Complete blend” • Optimum Nutrition 1 (1.3%N) • Optimum Nutrition 2 (1.6%N) every 6 years

  20. Foliar nitrogen by treatment and year Crow Creek (Brockley2010)

  21. Foliar nitrogen by treatment and yearCrow Creek (Brockley 2010)

  22. 12-year tree height increment by treatmentCrow Creek (Brockley 2010) Crow Creek c b a

  23. 12-year tree height increment by treatmentLodi Lake (Unpubl. data) Lodi Lake b

  24. 12-year stand volume increment by treatmentCrow Creek (Brockley 2010) Crow Creek c b a

  25. 12-year stand volume increment by treatmentLodi Lake (Unpubl. data) Lodi Lake c b

  26. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Brockley2010) Crow Creek

  27. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Brockley2010) Crow Creek

  28. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Brockley2010) Crow Creek

  29. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Brockley2010) Crow Creek

  30. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Crow Creek (Brockley2010) Interior spruce

  31. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data) Lodi Lake

  32. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data) Lodi Lake

  33. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data) Lodi Lake

  34. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data) Lodi Lake

  35. 12-year stand volume development by treatment Lodi Lake (Unpubl. data) Lodi Lake

  36. Effects of yearly fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in northern Sweden from Bergh et al. (2005)

  37. Effects of yearly fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in northern Sweden from Bergh et al. (2005)

  38. Effects of 20 years of annual fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in central SwedenTamm (1991)

  39. Effects of frequency of fertilization on the growth of Norway spruce in central Sweden – 5-year resultsBergh et al. (2008) F1 – 75-100 kg N every year F2 – 125-150 kg N every 2 years F3 – 150-180 kg N every 3 years

  40. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area Current

  41. Relationship between annual volume growth and leaf area Potential Current

  42. Leaf area index by treatment at year 12Crow Creek (Brockley 2010) Crow Creek

  43. Summary of results to date • Young Sx plantations apparently respond well to repeated fertilization

  44. Summary of results to date • Young Sx plantations apparently respond well to repeated fertilization • Potentially large effects on rotation length or harvest volume

  45. Summary of results to date • Young Sx plantations apparently respond well to repeated fertilization • Potentially large effects on rotation length or harvest volume • Magnitude of gains directly related to frequency of application

  46. Summary of results to date • Young Sx plantations apparently respond well to repeated fertilization • Potentially large effects on rotation length or harvest volume • Magnitude of gains directly related to frequency of application • Costs and risks to non-timber resources increase with increasing frequency of application

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