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BioNuclear Concept v1 - Integrating Biorefinery Technologies with Nuclear Power

Exploring the integration of bio-based hydrocarbons production with nuclear energy. Pilot and full-scale technologies, process advancements, and initial results are presented. Plans for refining and evaluating the concept in 2009.

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BioNuclear Concept v1 - Integrating Biorefinery Technologies with Nuclear Power

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  1. BioNuclear Concept v1 NETNUC 3.4.2009 Espoo Petteri Kangas, Iiro Auterinen and Pertti Koukkari

  2. Assumptions • Chemical industry and transportation will be based on hydrocarbons in the future. Hydrogen and electricity can not subsidise hydrocarbons completely. • Bio-based hydrocarbons will be more and more suitable option both economically and politically. • Locally, like in Finland, bio material will be widely available. (Today annual growth in forests: 90 million m3 + agri biomass) • Forest sector owns remarkable amount of nuclear energy. (e.g. UPM: 25 % of electricity is nuclear based and UPM owns hundreds of megawatts nuclear power). => Nuclear energy (heat, steam and electricity) will be effectively used to boost the production of bio-based hydrocarbons

  3. Heat available! 1200 MW at 180 C available from 3rd generation nuclear power plants. [1,2]

  4. Short distances! Current biorefineries and nuclear power plants are near [3].

  5. BioNuclear Concept v1Integrating promising biorefinery technologies with nuclear power

  6. Picture by re-ality at flickr.com under CC-license Picture by swinginstan at flickr.com under CC-license Picture by Berner at lasol.fi Products Picture by churchhatetucker at flickr.com under CC-license

  7. Technology maturity • Pilot scale technology available for • Black liquor and biomass gasification [4] • Biomass hydrolysis [5] • Full scale technology available for • Pulp mills • 3rd gen. nuclear power plants • Gas cleaning • FT-synthesis • Hydrocracking • Distillation

  8. First results of black liquor gasification • 400 000 t/a pulp mill at Veitsiluoto • 660 000 t/a black liquor for gasification • 40 000 t/a diesel without extra hydrogen • 80 000 t/a diesel with additional hydrogen from nuclear PP • 40 000 t/a formic acid • Need for additional heat 45 MW (LP and MP steam) [6] • (75 MW of electricity for hydrogen production by electrolysis)

  9. First results of cellulose hydrolysis • Variety of feedstock biomass (forest, agri, industrial and munipical) [5] • Wet biomass suitable for process (up to 50 %) • Residuals from hydrolysis can be processes in biomass gasification • Yield is good [7] • HP steam at 210 C is needed for hydrolysis. Steam and heat might be needed for distillation later in process • No mass / energy calculations available yet.

  10. Next steps 2009 • Refining BioNuclear concept • Mass and energy balances for integrated mill • Estimations of nuclear heat, steam and electricity needs and potential • Possibly economic evaluation of the feasibility of process integration • Reporting BioNuclear concept v1 • Work will be done during autumn 2009.

  11. References [1] Fortum, 2008. Ympäristö-vaikutusten arviointiselostus. [2] FENNOVOIMA, 2008. Ydinvoimalaitoksen ympäristövaikutusten arviointiselostus. [3] Google Maps, 2009. [4] CHEMREC, 2009. Turning Pulp Mills into Biorefineries. [5] Maine BioProducts, 2009. Maine BioProducts - Biofine – Process. [6] Larson, E.D. et al., 2006. A Cost-Benefit Assessment of Gasification-Based Biorefining in the Kraft Pulp and Paper Industry. Volume 1 - Main Report, Princeton University. [7] Girisuta, B., 2007. Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Dissertation. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.

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