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US 1 – MR.LIPMAN

US 1 – MR.LIPMAN . CHAPTER SEVEN THE AGE OF JACKSON & THE COMMON MAN. The “Corrupt Bargain” of 1824. 3 main candidates in the election: John Quincy Adams from Massachusetts Henry Clay of Kentucky Andrew Jackson of Tennessee All 4 campaigned as Republicans

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US 1 – MR.LIPMAN

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  1. US 1 – MR.LIPMAN CHAPTER SEVEN THE AGE OF JACKSON & THE COMMON MAN

  2. The “Corrupt Bargain” of 1824 • 3 main candidates in the election: • John Quincy Adams from Massachusetts • Henry Clay of Kentucky • Andrew Jackson of Tennessee All 4 campaigned as Republicans • The Federalist party was dead

  3. No candidate gets majority of electoral college

  4. Adams elected by House thanks to Clay who is Speaker of House • Clay then announced as secretary of state • Stepping stone to Presidency • Jackson’s supporters charged Adams had bribed Clay with the office • (the “corrupt bargain”)‏

  5. The campaign of 1828 – Democratic-Republicans • Jackson presented as frontier man and commoner • In reality he was a rich planter with slaves • Attacked Adams as corrupt rich man who had prevented the carrying out of people’s will in 1824 by his corrupt bargain.

  6. Results of the election of 1828 • South and West went heavily for Jackson • Showed that new states in the west were becoming much more politically powerful

  7. Jackson introduced spoils system to reward his supporters but it brought problems: • Men openly bought positions with campaign contributions • People who couldn’t read or were just incompetent were given jobs • Some crooks given jobs who stole money

  8. Higher tariffs pushed by Jackson supporters in 1828 • Called “Tariff of Abominations” by southerners • South was most hurt by tariff • North experienced boom in manufacturing • West prospering from rising property values • Old South was hurting • Forced to buy manufactured goods in market protected by tariffs

  9. Nullification • Led by vice president John C. Calhoun who will become S.C. senator • Wrote “The South Carolina Exposition” • Argued Tariff of 1828 was unconstitutional and thus states could nullify its impact • openly called for southern states to nullify the tariff

  10. Compromise reached • Tariff of 1833 reduced rates to be charged • Force Bill passed at same time • Authorized president to use army and navy to collect federal tariff duties • Passed to assert that federal government was supreme, even if South Carolina compromised

  11. The Trail of Tears • 1828 – Georgia legislature declared Cherokee council illegal – wants their lands • Cherokees appealed to Supreme Court & win their case • Jackson refused to recognize the decision • “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it.” – Jackson

  12. Indian Removal Act passed (1830) • Thousands of Indians would die on forced marches • Sent to Oklahoma area, where they were to be “permanently” free from whites • Actual “trail” will take place winter 1837-38 with Van Buren as President

  13. The Removal of Native Americans, 1820-1843

  14. 2nd National Bank of US a big issue in 1832 • Private corp. & government owned 25% • President Nicholas Biddle had huge power • Clay and Webster work political “deal” in 1832 to re-new charter of Bank even though it doesn’t expire until 1836: • Want to force Jackson to take a stand on bank politically

  15. Jackson vetoes the bank bill • Increased power of president • Says bank wanted to kill him but he will kill it. • Eastern elites agreed with Clay that Jackson was acting like a dictator • Many commoners agreed with Jackson’s opinions on the bank

  16. Jackson kills the bank after winning re-election in 1832 • Removed federal deposits from Bank of US • Bank slowly bled dry of money • Biddle retaliates • calls in bank’s loans to cause a financial panic Jackson retaliates: • “pet banks” receive federal gov’t money • Chosen because they supported Jackson • Pet banks and “wildcat” banks flooded market with worthless paper money

  17. 1836 –Jackson attempts to end speculation in Western land: • Specie – “hard” money; gold or silver • Required public lands be purchased with “hard” (gold or silver) money • Stopped boom based on land speculation in West and led to financial crash in 1837

  18. How some saw Jackson“King Andrew the First”

  19. Other Key Issues for Chapter 7 exam • Missouri Compromise (3 parts) • Erie Canal (When and Where) • American System (“TNT” – CLAY) • 1ST Seven Presidents (in order) • Monroe Doctrine & Adams-Onis Treaty • John Marshall (McCulloch & Gibbons) • Federal Gov’t Supreme & Interstate Commerce

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