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Understanding Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday's Law: A Practical Experiment

Learn how a varying magnetic field produces an induced current in a closed circuit through Faraday's solenoid experiment. Explore Lenz's Law and the principles of electromagnetic induction in detail. Increase your understanding of the relationship between magnetic flux and induced electromotive force (emf).

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Understanding Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday's Law: A Practical Experiment

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  1. Electromagnetic Induction Group: Induction Wong Chun Jie Leong Qi Dong Jwa Li Wen 4S2 2012 T3

  2. Introduction • Current flowing through a conductor produces a magnetic field • Can a magnetic field produce a current in a conductor?

  3. Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITuR3AQAYI8 • 1:07:50 – 1:10:4`

  4. Theory – Electromotive Force (emf) A varying magnetic flux produced an e.m.f, which produces an induced current in a closed circuit.

  5. Faraday’s Solenoid Experiment

  6. Steps 1. Move magnet into solenoid 2. Leave the magnet in solenoid 3. Move magnet out of solenoid

  7. Variables Dependent: (1) Deflection of galvanometer pointer (2) Direction of deflection (3) Magnitude of deflection Independent: • Pole of magnet • Number of turns in solenoid • Strength of magnet • Cross-sectional area of solenoid • Speed of magnet being moved in and out

  8. Results (1) Deflection of galvanometer pointer • Deflects: magnet is moving in and out of solenoid • Does not deflect: magnet remains stationary in solenoid • Current is flowing through circuit only when the magnet is moving in and out of the solenoid

  9. Conclusion • A varying magnetic field produces an e.m.f, which produces an induced current in a closed circuit.

  10. Results (2) Direction of deflection

  11. Conclusion Lenz’s Law • The direction of the induced emf, and thus, the induced current in a closed circuit, is always such that the magnetic effect always opposes the change producing it. • Why oppose? • In Work, Energy, Power: GPE = KE • In Electromagnetic Induction: GPE = KE + Electrical energy • KE decreases for the conservation of energy

  12. Results (3) Magnitude of deflection Increase in • number of turns in solenoid • strength of magnet • cross-sectional area of solenoid • speed of magnet being moved in and out Increases deflection – increases emf N ΦB Rate

  13. Conclusion • Faraday’s Law of Induction • Where ℰ is the emf • Induced emf generated in a conductor is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux vectorlinking the circuit.

  14. References • http://physics.tutorvista.com/electricity-and-magnetism.html#close_iframe • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday's_law_of_induction • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_flux • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromotive_force

  15. Thank You

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