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PASSIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE. VOZ PASIVA. Form : BE + PAST PARTICIPLE. PASSIVE VOICE. Use: The passive voice is used in English when it is more convenient or interesting to stress the thing done than the doer of it, or when the doer is unknown.

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PASSIVE VOICE

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  1. PASSIVE VOICE VOZ PASIVA

  2. Form: BE + PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE VOICE Use: The passive voice is used in English when it is more convenient or interesting to stress the thing done than the doer of it, or when the doer is unknown. La vozpasiva se usa en Ingléscuandoesmásconveniente o interesanteenfatizar la acciónrealizada o cuando el quehace la acciónesdesconocido Subject verb object Structure: Active voice paint Thestudents thetables Passivevoice are painted by Thetables thestudents Subject of thepassive verb AgentComplement By : preposición usada para introducir el complemento agente “por”

  3. EXAMPLES SimplePresent (be) am /is /are + pastparticiple Nota: El verbo BE tiene que coordinar en singular o plural con el sujeto Presentcontinuous (be) am /is /are + being + pastparticiple Nota: Cuando el sujeto es desconocido o no es concreto (they/someone/anyone/nobody/people…)no se usa el complemento agente: bysomeome

  4. SimplePast (be) was/were + pastparticiple

  5. Verbal Tenses

  6. ACTIVITIES PUT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO THE PASSIVE USING THE PART UNDERLINED AS THE SUBJECT • Someone reads to the old lady every morning. • A car ran over our dog. • People will simply laugh at you for your trouble. • They asked Maisie why she went about with a silly person like me. • The wind blew my hat off. • People will laugh at you if you go out dressed like that. • Someone has stolen my collection of knives. • Nobody had eaten the dinner before they finished theconversation • Did the noise frighten you?. • A new company has taken the business over. •  I hate people looking at me. • He wishes to see that they have carried out his instructions

  7. Doble object Ifthe active voicesentence has twoobjects (a directobject and anindirectobject), we can makethepassivevoice in twodifferentways Si la oración en voz activa tiene dos objetos (uno directo y otro indirecto), podremos construir la voz pasiva de dos maneras diferentes. Tengamos en cuenta que en español no se admite el objeto indirecto como sujeto de la pasiva, siendo en inglés, sin embargo, la forma más usada) e.g.My mothergavemea beautifulpresentfor my birthday O.I. O.D. • A beautifulpresentwasgiventome for my birthdayby my mother • I wasgiven a beautifulpresentfor my birthdayby my mother

  8. Sentenceswith doble object Put the following sentences into the passive voice. (Write them in the two different ways) • She showed the visitors the new baby. • They gave me 10 change at the shop • She promised him some money for his birthday. • They didn't tell me the truth about the situation. • The police gave me 5€ reward

  9. More activities • An announcer is reading the news. • Horses pull carts. • The Queen is opening that hospital next week. • The Prime Minister is making a speech this evening. • A policeman is using the phone. • A greengrocer sells potatoes. • Teenagers buy a lot of pop records. • Architects design buildings. • Father is cooking the dinner. Mother is cleaning up the kitchen afterwards. • A group of small boys are feeding the monkeys. •  Bees make honey. • They have arrested the thief. • An unemployed labourer was repairing my roof. • Floods swept away the wooden bridge. • They were drinking toasts. • They close the shop at one o’clock. • Prisoners are building the new road. • The Mayor is judging the fancy dress parade. • A fourteen-year-old boy was driving the car. • Mice must have eaten the cheese that the maid left out of the table.(Two verbs. Change the order of the two parts of the sentence)

  10. AUXILIARY VERBS

  11. Sentencesusingauxiliaryverbs • People will simply laugh at you for your trouble. • People ought not to speak about such things in public. • Teachers should make lessons more interesting for pupils. • People will laugh at you if you go out dressed like that. • We shall lock the house up for the summer and the old gardener will look after it. • You must not throw away empty bottles. • Nobody can answer that question. • They should not make the party an excuse for getting drunk. • You must account for every penny. • I should love someone to take me to dinner. • They ought to finish this job by tomorrow. (infinitive) • You must not hammer nails into the walls without permission. • Will they mend the roof of their old house? • We will not admit children under sixteen. • Children couldn’t have done this damage.

  12. Much more activities (advanced) • Somebody must have taken it while I was out • You must iron this dress for tonight • Did the noise frighten you? • The orchestra played that piece beautifully • He’s so good at golf that nobody can beat him • The doctor had to operate on him to find out what was wrong • Didn’t anybody ever teach you how to behave? • They did nothing until he came • I can assure you I will arrange everything in time (two passives) • Somebody will meet the visitors at the station • A sudden increase in water pressure would break the dam • One cannot eat an orange if nobody has peeled it • They took the collection half-way through the meeting • The police are sure to ask you that question • Her beauty struck me deeply • You needn’t think your joke took me in • They should made the celebration an excuse for bad behaviour • People generally assume that money brings happiness • Let me know if there is anything we should do • They gave the thief a fair trial and sent him to prison • Poverty drove him to desperation • You must account for every penny • A new company has taken the business over • They tell me somebody has shot your uncle • Somebody can’t have shut the safe properly • They can’t put you in prison if they haven’t tried you • We’ll have to examine you again • People say that tortoises live longer than elephants • I should love someone to take me out for dinner

  13. El “se” pasivo Se arreglaban bicicletas Bikes were repaired Se han escrito miles de libros Thousands of books have been written Se venden coches (No nos interesa quién los vende, nos interesa qué es vendido) No hay otra forma de traducir este “se” al inglés salvo en forma pasiva. Cars are sold (usaremos el mismo tiempo empleado en la activa)

  14. Sometips(algunos consejos) • Para saber hacer bien una pasiva es importante saber diferenciar correctamente las distintas partes de la oración, sobre todo saber localizar los complementos directos e indirectos dentro de la oración activa No se debe olvidar que la pasiva se construye para resaltar el objeto sobre el sujeto, esto es, es más importante qué se hace que quién lo hace. • By es la preposición usada para introducir el complemento agente. Significa por (no se puede confundir con “for”) • Cuando el sujeto de la activa es negativo Nobody… la oración pasiva será negativa: Nobody can seeyouyoucan’tbeseen • Cuando pasamos un objeto indirecto a pasiva como tal, no podemos olvidar que necesitamos incluir to: My mothergave me a gift---- A giftwasgivento me

  15. INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS AFTER PASSIVE VERBS After acknowledge, assume, believe, claim, consider, estimate, feel, find, know, presume, report, say, think, understand etc. Sentences of the type People think/ consider/ know etc. that he is... have two possible passive forms: 1. It is thought/considered/known that he is.... 2. He is thought/considered/known to be... Peoplebelievethat he writesnovels • It’sbelievedthat he writesnovels • He’sbelievedtowritenovels When the thought concerns a previous action we used the perfect infinitive (TO HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE)so that: People know that he was..... (Nota que el primer verboestá en presente y el segundo en pasado) = It is known that he was..... (PRESENTE) (PASADO) or Heis known to have been....... (PRESENTE) (INFINITIVO PERFECTO) People believe that he was a spy = It is believed that he was a spy or He is believed to have been a spy

  16. This is HENRY. He is very old but nobody knows exactly how old he is. But: It is said that he is 108 years old He is said to be 108 years old Both sentences mean “People say that he is 108 years old”

  17. It is believed that the wanted man is living in New York It is expected that the strike will begin tomorrow It is alleged that he stole $60 It was alleged that he had stole $60 It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion The wanted man is believed to be living in New York The strike is expected to begin tomorrow He is alleged to have stolen $60 He was allegued to have stolen $60 Two people were reported to have been killed in the explosion You can also use these structures with:thought believed reported understood known expected alleged considered

  18. Activities • Write another sentence with the same meaning 1. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods Many people__________________________________________ 2. It is known that the Prime Minister is in favor of the new law The Prime Minister_____________________________________ 3. It is expected that the government will lose the election The government_______________________________________ 4. It is thought that the prisioner escaped by climbing over the wall The prisioner__________________________________________ 5. It is believed that the thieves got in through the kitchen window 6. It is alleged that he drove through the town at 90 miles an hour 7. It is reported that two people were seriously injured during the accident 8. It is said that three men were arrested after the explosion

  19. Supposed to • Three different examples • Let’s go and see that film. It’s supposed to be very good ( People say that it is very good=it is said to be very good) • I’d better hurry. It’s nearly 8.30. I’m supposed to be meeting Tom at 8.15 (=I arranged to meet Tom) • You are not supposed to park here (you aren’t allowed to park here)

  20. Activities • There are a lot of stories about Arthur but nobody knows whether they are true. Make sentences with supposed to Example: People say that Arthur eats spiders Arthur is supposed to eat spiders • People say that Arthur is very rich • People say that he has 22 children • People say that he sleeps on a bed of nails • People say that he won a lot of money gambling • People say that he writes poetry • In each of the following example what happens is not what is supposed to happen. Use supposed to or not supposed to. • Clean come be smoke phone study take • Example: Tom you are smoking! But you are not supposed to smoke in this room • Why are the windows still dirty? You were supposed to clean them • What are the children doing at home? They _________ at school • He __________ in the evenings but he always goes out • Don’t put sugar in your tea. You know you ___________sugar • Oh dear! I _________________ Ann but I completely forgot • They arrived very early – at 2.00. They ________________ until 3.00

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