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Efficiency in the spotlight

Efficiency in the spotlight. 1966--- Equality of Educational Opportunity Also referred to as The Coleman Report 1983--- A Nation at Risk. Two Sides. Money does matter Numerous studies pointing out that money does not matter.

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Efficiency in the spotlight

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  1. Efficiency in the spotlight • 1966---Equality of Educational Opportunity • Also referred to as The Coleman Report • 1983---A Nation at Risk

  2. Two Sides • Money does matter • Numerous studies pointing out that money does not matter. • Lots of these point to SES as the underlying factor in achievement (outputs) • Money does not matter • Numerous studies pointing out that money does matter

  3. Measurements • Normative Approaches???????? • Public Choice Theory

  4. Efficiency Measurements • Production Function Analysis (Normative Approach) the total output based upon all inputs (standardized tests are typically used as measurement of outcome) • Modified Quadriform Analysis uses a pair of multiple regression formulas and plots the residuals of those against each other to create a "visual heuristic for comparison“ • Data Envelopment Analysis aggregates multiple input and output streams into one "virtual input" and one "virtual output" variables, the ratio of the two establishes a school's efficiency (Guthrie 308) • Stochastic Frontier Analysis creates an "efficiency frontier" for a group of organizations and then evaluates a single organization in relation to the frontier • Total Factor Productivity Essentially looks at how important certain inputs are in total outputs

  5. Point of Interest • Examining School District Efficiency in Georgia (2010) • Rolle, Houk, and He • Modified Quadriform Analysis that looked at multiple test scores in relation to median income, enrollment, tax wealth, race, and more.

  6. Examining School District Efficiency in Georgia(2010) • Found that administrative spending was linked to inefficiency • Instructional spending linked to higher productivity • Experience linked to high performance • Higher salary leads to increased efficiency • District wealth determines performance

  7. What can be done to increase efficiency? • on the school level • on the district level • on the state level • on the federal level

  8. Ways to achieve greater technical efficiency • Positive and Focused Learning Climate • Pupil Assignment Policies--have students assist in tutoring others • School and Class Size • Student Time--make sure student time is focused on student learning • Focus on mastery of core subjects • Altering Personnel Mix--have master teacher in charge of early service teacher • Pupil Evaluation--surveys

  9. Different Ways to Cut Inputs • Salary Freezes • Class Size Formulas • Electives --hurts allocativeefficiency • Class Schedule --move to fewer periods per day • Audit Professional Development • Increased Use of Technology --online courses • Limit paraprofessionals • Move away from seniority based cutbacks

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