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Communication Patterns

When we use the same words are we always „speaking“ the same language? Native and non-native speakers of English. Communication Patterns. Communication. Verbal Non-verbal Body Language Gestures and Gesticulations Colors Symbols and Signs. What is „language“ ?.

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Communication Patterns

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  1. When we use the same words are we always „speaking“ the same language? Native and non-native speakers of English Communication Patterns Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia

  2. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Communication Verbal Non-verbal Body Language Gestures and Gesticulations Colors Symbols and Signs

  3. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia What is „language“ ? „the words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them used and understood by a community“ „a systematic means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized signs, sounds, gestures or marks having understood meanings Merriam Webster‘s Collegiate Dictioanry, 10th edition

  4. Schramm's model of communication: • Field of experience includes culture Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia

  5. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia The field of experience, including culture, functions as a filter… Words and phrases cannot just be translated one to one. Connotations Different situations call for appropriate verbal responses. Pragmatics: learning speech acts instead of isolated words and phrases

  6. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Formal and informal forms of address: „ti /vi“ “Du / Sie“ „tu / vous“ „tu / usted“ Who is addressed formally / informally? What is the „ritual“ to move from the formal to the informal form – if it is at all possible?

  7. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Formal and informal forms of address: How do language learners from languages without this distinction learn the „rules“? How do language learners from languages with this distinction „behave“ in languages without this distinction?

  8. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Example: German Reflects the fact that a non-offensive distinction is made between acquaintances and friends. Reflects a warm sense of respect when used to address older people. By using the „Sie“ form I demonstrate not (cold) distance but respect. Christian subculture: the „Du“ reflects the fact that we are all brothers and sisters in Christ. Moving from „Sie“ to „Du“ marks a change in relationship.

  9. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Germans and Americans Germans are often surprised and confused at how quickly they are considered a friend, and that people automatically communicate on the more familiar first name basis. friend & “Du”: I have passed into the inner circle I have the right and the responsibility to be honest and direct about my thoughts and feelings – and maybe criticisms and misgivings I can expect a long-term commitment to the relationship

  10. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Mistaken Assumptions • Small talk (taboo topics!) • Making arrangements (the meaning of “sometime”) • Humor • The meanings of “yes” and “no”. • Dealing with problems or conflict

  11. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia „Language is culture and culture is language“ …only when we learn to speak the language correctly - not only grammatically but also culturally.

  12. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia English and American Communication Patterns:being polite What to avoid: Making negative or critical comments Complaining Politics and other potentially „conflictive“ topics

  13. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia English and American Communication Patterns:being polite: the use of superlatives Comparable to the „Asian smile“. „great“! „fantastic“! „wonderful“! generally mean „ok“ / „fine“ Contrast: British understatement Germans: alwas “wish” each other things

  14. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia English and Amercan Language Communication PatternsBeing polite The lack of a grammar form does not mean that distinctions are not made! „Sir“ and „Ma´am“ / "Pastor" Avoid using the imperative form Would you… / Could you… / Please.. / Thank you. Avoid one-word answers. Be „wordy“ . Avoid negative words. Avoid „but“.

  15. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Being polite in „difficult“ situations Be aware of possible hierarchy issues Avoid one-word answers. Avoid the word „problem“. Mirror what the other is saying. Avoid direct attacks or criticisms. „Sandwich“ your opinions. Be wordy. Only give your opinion if it is asked for.

  16. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Language and Culture It is said that learning a language opens the door to a whole new world. However, a large part of this world often remains locked to second language learners because of their lack of understanding of the underlying culture. To become more than just „functional“, it is necessary to develop an understanding of what is below the tip of the iceberg.

  17. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia and finally… Know yourself… become aware of your own assumptions and expectations. Your colleagues probably find you as puzzling as you find them. Distinguish between inter-personal and inter-cultural problems. Try to keep communication open – keep talking!!!

  18. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Hebrews 12: 14 „Make every effort to live in peace with all men…“

  19. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Examples from the Bible... Joseph in Egypt Joshua 22 Daniel in Babylon Jesus and his disciples Peter and Paul & Barnabus and the church leaders in Jerusalem.

  20. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia The Bible allows us to be realistic. If it doesn´t work, it may be best to go separate ways. (Paul and Barnabus, Acts 15:36-40) Those in leadership need to be culturally sensitive. If they are not people may be traumatised.

  21. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, claudikel@gmx.de, Medvedski breg 29, 10040 Zagreb, Croatia Olive oil and water... Olive oil is wonderful; it’s used for cooking, flavouring, etc. Water is wonderful; it’s used for cooking, quenching thirst, etc. Each is great for it’s own purpose, but pour them together and you’ll see that they don’t naturally mix well. The same is true with regard to business people (or missionaries) from various cultures. They don’t naturally mix well, but in fact they can – and often need to – coexist in the same recipe. Without either one, the recipe will fail. Brooks Peterson, Cultural Intelligence. P. 3

  22. Claudia Keller-Pilsel, NTM 2012 Suggested Reading

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