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FILE 3 B-C

FILE 3 B-C. GRAMMAR. THE WEATHER. THE PASSIVE. POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENT. THE FUTURE. GLOBAL PROBLEMS. THE CONDITIONALS. OLIVER TWIST. TAKING RISKS. WHAT DO THEY HAVE IN COMMON?. tornado. storm. earthquake. hurricane. wildfire. flood. tsunami. avalanche. landslide.

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FILE 3 B-C

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  1. FILE 3 B-C GRAMMAR THE WEATHER THE PASSIVE POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENT THE FUTURE GLOBAL PROBLEMS THE CONDITIONALS OLIVER TWIST TAKING RISKS

  2. WHAT DO THEY HAVE IN COMMON? tornado storm earthquake hurricane wildfire flood tsunami avalanche landslide Volcaniceruption Thunder and lightninhg hailstones drought famine

  3. Whatdoesthishaveto do with? Anoilslick demonstrators Recycling Bottlebank Dumping industrial waste CFC Exhaust fumes Smokefromfactories Cuttingdown of rainforests

  4. 5. Weather conditions Sleet hail gale thaw smog melt freezing blizzard Drizzle shower thunder mist slush mild warm boiling drought flood chilly heatwave settle dry breeze pour down wet Overcast torrential hurricane sun sunny shine warm mild cloud cloudy Set in overcast heatwave fog foggy Fog/set in smog mist heat hot heat thaw melt boiling drought chilly wind windy blow gale breeze hurricane ice Icy/freezing freeze hail thaw melt rain rainy rain sleet drizzle shower flood wet thunder thundery strike storm stormy blizzard snow snowy snow sleet blizzard slush settle

  5. THE WEATHER • S ________ • S ________ • B ________ • S ________ • D ________ • S ________ • H ________ • T ________ • M _______ • S ________ • SNOWDRIFTS • SLEET • BLIZZARD • SLUSH • D RIZZLE • SHOWER • HAIL • THUNDERSTORM • MIST • SMOG • Melts/ thaws • Mild • Settle • Hazy • Breeze • Overcast / poured • Boiling/ humid • Storm / torrential / flooded • Damp • muggy • hail

  6. cool breeze mild damp drizzling warm chilly showers Pouringdown Gale-force scorching freezing Belowzero

  7. heatwave drought hailstones lightning thunder blizzard flood hurricane tornado monsoon

  8. strong thick heavy icy clear bright sunny changeable settled c f e g d b a

  9. Listening:The Flood in Prague Czech swollen overflew • The river was s___________ and finally o __________ in Prague, The C______ Republic • His flat was next to the river b _____ • Do something s ____________ • So far, so good! • He was a ___________ of l ____________ b ____________ into his house • He S__________ u _____ all night • He s _________ the w _________ evening and night listening to the News b ________ that gave r ____________on … • The water level was r ____________ • He could hear cars s __________ and s _____ o _____ • De vez en cuando = F ___________________________ I looked out of the window. • The car park finally was e ________, ,No quedaba ningún coche= ______________________ • He went to a r __________ house • The car in front w _________ in the water to make its way through the water • He thought he could make it • He m ____________ (= could) to do it • His flat was badly d __________  bank sensible afraid looters breaking stayed up spent whole bulletins reports rising start set off From time to time there weren ´t any cars left empty Relative´s waded managed damaged

  10. GRAMMAR Then complete these sentences with appropriate Passive (if possible) or active forms of the verbs.(A) 1 A number of priceless works of art _________________ in the earthquake. 2 By the time Carol _________________we had finished eating and were ready to go. 3 No record _____________of the visit he claimed to have made to Paris in 1941. 4 Because my visa had expired I ______________ from re-entering the country. 5 It is generally agreed that new industries _____________for the southern part of the country. 6 If Nick hadn't come along, I don't know what would __________________ 7 The economic situation in the region _____________ quite sharply over the last year. 8 The coastline ______________ into the distance as our ship sailed further away. 9 It's incredible to think that these clothes _____________ by Queen Victoria. 10 A new drug _________________ to combat asthma in small children. 11 When Kathy left the room, everyone__________________ 12 A number of political prisoners ________________ within the next few days. Arrive destroy deteriorate develop follow exist happen need prevent recede release wear Weredestroyed arrived existed Am prevented Are needed Havehappened has deteriorated receded Havebeenworn Has beendeveloped followed Will be released

  11. Offender Jail Makeone´spoint Drivinglicence Beauty spot bother Bark Reoffend Allow Background Cramped place drawer Loaded Spoil Lettyresdown Suspend Flood Famine Hail Landslide Lightning Flash Drought sightseeing

  12. Definitions • Blizzard • Mild • Slush • Snowdrift • Sleet • Drizzle • Mist • Scorching • Muggy • Shower • Thaw

  13. Yesterday we didn´t talk about the _ _ _ _ _ / _ _ _ _ _ Ozone layer We talked about G ____ W _____ that is c ______ by G ______ G _____ such as E _____ fumes, S _____ from factories, C ______ s, a high C _________ of fossil F _____ : O ___ and C ____. Let´s say, H ______ A _______ . These gases make the earth´s atmosphere get thicker preventing the planet from R ______ the heat and energy we get from the sun This makes that the temperature rise. As a result the polar I ____ C ___ are M _____ and consequently this might F ____ coastal areas round the globe. It may change the climate of the planet with severe weather conditions such as D ____, tornados, etc. So people can do something by R ______, S _____ energy, change to L __-C ___ light B ____ , stop dumping industrial W ____ into rivers, or we could travel O _____ instead of taking the plane Global warming caused Greenhouse gases Exhaust smoke oil CO2/CFCs consumption fuels Human activity carbon reaching Ice caps melting flood droughts saving recycling Low-consuming bulbs waste overland

  14. What do youremember? I ______ E ______ S ______ B _____ O ___ S _____ S ______ S ______ C ______ V ______ R ______ Global topics Issues Volcanos erupt Flu A epidemics spread Theourbreak of thewar Wars Break Out Sweep hurricanes shake Earthquakes Starvetodeath Starve Peoplewithoutfood Casualties I´mstarving Deadpeople in a war Affectedpeople in a war Victims Refugees peoplewhofleefrom a war

  15. suffered destroyed injured famine twister disasters dead wounded

  16. Disposal • Heavily • Over-populated • Layer • Greenhouse 6.Resources 7.over-fishing 8. Destruction 9.Farming 10. Conditions

  17. polluting environmental harmful conservation protection destroying damaging industrial

  18. 1.Acid rain 2.Recycle 3.Fumes 4.Pollution 5.Greenhouse effect 6.Greenhouse 7.Ozone layer 8. Global warming 9. Bottlebank 10. Desertification 11. Endangered 12. Extint 13. Tidalenrgy/solar power

  19. top fly instead offset hybrid • The T _______ tips are: • 1.F ______ less. Use buses and trains I ________. If you have to fly, give money to organizations to O ______ your emissions. • 2. Dry as little as possible. Use bikes or buy a H _____ car that can C ____ when you B _____ or you can C _____ S ______ with a friend • 3. Use E _______ - S _______ light Bulbs • 4. Plant tress. A D ______ of them can absorb a W _______ H ________ emissions • 5. Don´t K ______ your TV or others E _________ A _______ on S _______ B ____ • 6. Use the cold water W _______ on your washing machines and use the dishwasher. Don´t H ________ the dishes • 7. Buy organic food and carry your S _______ bags • 8. Turn your H _____down and wear a sweater if you´re cold. Use your air C ____________ reasonably • 9. Have short showers not baths • 10. Recycle paper, bottles, glass and H ________ W ________ brake charge Car share Energy-saving dozen whole household keep electrical appliances stand by wash handwash shopping heating conditioning waste household

  20. goodness To be good well hungrily hunger To be hungry nourishment nourishingly Nourished/ing anxiety To be anx. anxiously obstinately obstinacy To be obs. belonging belonging liar lying Polluted/ing pollute damage damaging industrialize industrial Do harm harmful To be delighful delightful

  21. From Oliver Twist Whenhisparentsdied, he wastaken toanorphanage/workhousewheretheyworkedlonghoursonverylittlefood. Oneday Oliver askedfor more and wasexpelled. He was placed withanundertakerbutafter a mate´sbeating he ranawayto London. He wasfoundbyDodgerwhotookhimtoFaginwhosenthimtostealvaluablesbutSykeswasthemostruthlesstohim 2. Itservedhimright 3. He isverygreen 4. He´snot up toit 5. He´sout of sorts 6. He´sshamming 6. He peachedonus 1. Cuando sus padres murieron le llevaron a un orfanato donde trabajaban y se morían de hambre. Un día Oliver pidió más comida y le echaron. Le colocaron con un funerario, pero después de una paliza de un compañero se fuga a Londres y es encontrado por Dodger que le llevó a Fagin que le envió a robar objetos de valor. Pero el más despiadado fue Sykes. 2. Se te está bien empleado 3. Es un novato 4. Es incapaz de hacerlo 5. No está bien 6. Esta lanzando un farol 6. Nos delató

  22. Translatethefollowing: • -cabezonería - hambre - encantador - lucha • atender a los clientes • - no sabe nadar y puede ahogarse • no me acoses que no te temo • - no me fio de él, es un mentiroso • no nos dejes ahora que es cuando más te necesitamos • eran muy estrictos y nos azotaban si contestábamos • - cogió sus pertenencias y se fue • posibilidades de que - alojamiento hunger delightful obstinacy struggle Assistcustomers/ attenttocustomers I can ´t swim and I can getdrowned Don ´t bully me, I don ´t fearyou … I don ´t trust him. He´s a liar Don ´t desertusnowthatweneedyouthemost Theyweretoostrict and theyfloggedusifanswered back He tookhisbelongings and ranaway Theodds are lodging

  23. VERBAL TENSES THE PRESENT THE FUTURE Conditional THE PAST 1 SIMPLE: I go/ he goes SIMPLE: I went SIMPLE: I willgo / I wouldgo 2 Continuous: I´mgoing Continuous: I wasgoing Continuous: I willbegoing/ I´dbegoing 3 Perfect: I havegone Perfect: I hadgone Perfect: I willhavegone / I´dhavegone PerfectContinuous: I willhavebeengoing / I´dhavebeengoing 4 PerfectContinuous: I havebeengoing PerfectContinuous: I hadbeengoing

  24. The future – the form Simple Continuous Perfect PerfectContinuous I will / won´t do I will be doing I will have done I will have been doing

  25. tomorrow at: I will be starting my first morning class 9:00 I´ll have got to school I will be … 11:00 I will have I will be … 13:30 I will have

  26. To express FutureSimple we use: Present Simple Present Continuous Be going to Will/shall Modal verbs Others ...

  27. PRESENT SIMPLE For Timetables: buses, TV programmes, shops, concerts, etc. Ex. ¿A qué hora abren las tiendas mañana? What time do the shops open tomorrow? U2 concert _________ (start) at 9 next Saturday U2 concert starts at 9 next Saturday

  28. PRESENT CONTINUOUS For Personal Future Plans ( as if written in a diary) Ex. What are you doing next weekend? I´m playing football on Saturday afternoon and going to the cinema with Andrea in the evening

  29. PRACTICE: Present simple or Present continuous 1. Are you busy this week Sam?. Not very much but I ________________ (revise) for an exam on Friday. 2.What time __________________ (begin) your English class?. It ___________ (start) at 7 3.Your plane _____________ (leave) at 6, so I ______________ (pick) you up at 5. 4.Your plane _______________ (land) in Dublin at 7. The manager ____________ (meet) you at the airport. 5.Then, you _____________ (stay) at Ritch Hotel because the conference __________ (be) in the morning. 6.I _____________ (not/like) conferences. ______________ (come/Carol) with me?. 7.The English lesson on Thursday ____________ (not/finish) at 1:25, it ______________ (finish ) at 1:30 8. On Saturday evening I ____________ (not/go) out with Karen I ___________ (go) to Sting´s concert Am revising Do you begin Starts Leaves Am picking Lands is meeting are staying Is Don ´t like Is Carol coming with me? Doesn ´t finish Finishes Am not going Am going

  30. BE GOING TO (I´m gonna...) For Intentions Ex. I´ve failed the exam. What are you going to do now? - I´m not going to tell my parents, that´s for sure. For Predictions (based on what you can see or know) Ex. Victor is a big mouth , the tutor is going to punish him someday

  31. Will / won´t For Instant decisions Ex. Teacher: I need a person to get a piece of chalk. Martin: Don´t worry teacher, I´ll go For Predictions (based on what you think) Ex. I think in the year 2050 everybody will have cars fueled by hydrogen For offers and promises Ex. Shall I help you? Ex. I promise I will do it

  32. Will or Going to 1.Oh no! look at the time!. I ___________(be) terribly late. 2.If you want to go the shop you can borrow my brother´s bike I´m sure he _________ (not/mind) 3.Why are you turning on the TV?. Because I ________________ (watch) the news. 4.Oh, I´ve just realised. I haven ´t got any money. Don´t worry I _____________ (lend) you 10$ 5.I´ve got a splitting headache. Wait here, I ________________ (get) an aspirin for you. 6.I´ve decided to repaint this room. Really. What colour ______________(you/paint) it?. 7.Did you post that letter for me?. Oh!, I completely forgot. I _____________ (do) it now. 8.Have you decided what to do about that job?. Yes I ____________ (not/apply) for it. It´s rubbish! 9.Ann, I need someone to take me to the airport. That´s no problem. I ___________ (take) you 10.John, do you want me to take you to the airport?. No, Ann __________ (take) me. Am going to be Won ´t mind Am going to watch Will lend Will get Are you going to paint it Will do Am not going to apply Will take Is going to take

  33. Modal Verbs: may, might, can ... May / might (puede, podría) Ex. Puede que te lleve mañana I may take you tomorrow

  34. Present simple, present continuous, be going to or will for the future 1.Do you have any plans for the summer?. Yes, I____________ (go) to the beach. 2.When __________ (the next train/leave)?. It ______________ (leave) at 7. 3.Is it really her birthday?. Then, I ____________ (buy) some flowers. 4.What ___________ (you/do) this weekend?. Do you want to come to the match?. OK, Which teams ______(play)? 5.Don´t carry all those heavy bags. Some of us ______________ (help) you. 6.I´m sorry I can´t see you tomorrow. I _________________ (visit) some relatives. 7.In the year 2300 everybody ___________________ (live) in other galaxies. 8.I need you to take me to the train station. Ok, I ___________ (take) you in a minute. What time ______________ (leave) the train?. At 7. So we ______________ (leave) at about 5 o´clock Am going Doesitleave Leaves Willbuy Are youdoing / are yougoingto do Are playing Willhelp Am visiting Willlive Willtake Doesitleave Are leaving

  35. More practice Are youdoing Will come Shallwemeet Begins Willmeet Am seeing Shall I ask Willsee Are going Doesthe film begin Are youmeeting Willbe

  36. 1. I am leaving at 5:30 tomorrow morning 2. What time does the plane leave? 3.What are you going to do there? 4. You are going to get bored 5. Sure I will 6. Will you send me a postcard? 7. I think I will. I promise I will 8.I may go to the airport to pick you up. What time shall I go? 1. Salgo a las 5:30 mañana por la mañana 2. ¿ A qué hora te sale el avión? 3. ¿Y qué vas a hacer allí? 4. Te vas a aburrir 5. Seguro que sí 6. ¿Me mandarás una postal? 7. Sí creo que ,lo haré. Te lo prometo 8. Puede que vaya a recogerte al aeropuerto. ¿A qué hora voy? • 5.Prediction basedonwhatyouthink- Will • 6. Promise – Will • (thesame as nº 5) • Possibility – May/ might -/ askingforsuggestions - Shall • Personal plan – PresentContinuous • Timetable – Present simple • Intentions- Be goingto • Predictionbasedonwhatyouknow- be goingto

  37. Translate or fill in the gaps • 1. Aunque se nos avisó que iba a haber vientos huracanados, • no sabíamos que iba a arrancar los árboles del húmedo suelo. • También nos dijeron que no anduviéramos en bici y que nos quedáramos en casa • 2. Gracias a Dios que pude llegar porque me tuve que agarrar a un semáforo para que no me metiera en la carretera • y a otros se los llevaba, o los llevaba para atrás, y había pilas de contenedores. iQué lío! • 3. El pasado miércoles fue el más caluroso que ha habido en este país. • Claro la gente no tenía aire acondicionado y tuvimos que prepararnos a sudar. • Si por lo menos tuvieran ventiladores. • Although we were warned there were going to be hurricane-force winds, • We didn ´t know it was going to rip trees out of the wet soil • We were also told not to cycle and to stay indoors • 2. Thank God that I could get there as I had to grab hold a traffic light so as not to be blown into the road • Some others were blown over or backwards and there were piles of rubbish bins. What a mess! • Last Wednesday was the hottest day ever in this country • Yet people didn ´t have air conditioning and we had to get ready for sweating • If only they had fans

  38. Translate or fill in the gaps • 4. Me despertó mi hija gritando. Hacía casi 50 años que no nevaba. • Decidimos no enviarlos al cole e hicimos un muñeco de nieve. • La gente estaba alucinada como en trance como si estuvieran haciendo una peli de alto presupuesto. • Fue un caos para la gente que iba a trabajar. • I got woken up by my daughter screaming. I hasn´t snowed here for nearly 50 years. • We decided not to sent the kids to school and we made a snowman • People were amazed as if in a trance, as if a high-budget film were being made • It was chaos, though, for those people whowere going to work.

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