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Agricultural Regions in LDCs

Agricultural Regions in LDCs. Key issues 2 and 4. Physical Geography …for a moment. Tropics, Mid-latitude, High-latitude regions. High Latitudes. Polar Regions. Temperate Zones. Middle latitudes. Tropics. Low latitudes. Temperate Zones. Middle latitudes. Polar Regions.

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Agricultural Regions in LDCs

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  1. Agricultural Regions in LDCs Key issues 2 and 4

  2. Physical Geography …for a moment • Tropics, Mid-latitude, High-latitude regions High Latitudes Polar Regions Temperate Zones Middle latitudes Tropics Low latitudes Temperate Zones Middle latitudes Polar Regions High Latitudes

  3. Four Main Regions • Shifting cultivation • Humid, low-latitude, high temp and rainfall • Pastoral Nomadism • Dry climates where crops are imposible • Intensive Subsitence Agriculture • Densely populated areas – particularly Asia • Plantation Farming • Tropics and subtropics • Specifically Latin America, Africa and Asia

  4. Percent of Labor Force Engaged in Agriculture

  5. Farmland Per Tractor

  6. Now Compare

  7. Challenges for Subsistence Farmers • What is the birth rate like in LDCs? • Farmers need to consider new farming approaches • “Population growth influences the distribution of types of subsistence farming” –ESTER BOSERUP • How? • New farming methods • Land left fallow for shorter periods • Boserups’s five stages to the intensification of farmland – p. 334

  8. Challenges for Subsistence Farmers The International Trade Model of Development (ch. 9) • “A country can develop economically by concentrating scarce resources on expansion of its distinctive local industries.” • Countries should focus on what they can produce for a higher quality and less price than any other country • Funds made by this can help the country develop in other ways • In order to do this, LDCs need to use better everything • Sell crops and other stuff to MDCs

  9. Challenges for Subsistence Farmers • Drug Crops • Particularly Latin America and Asia • They aren’t selling DRUGS, they are selling crops that can be turned INTO drugs  • Cocaine and Heroine • Afghanistan produces about 80% of the world’s opium • Columbia grows half of the world’s coca leaf • Most marijuana in the U.S. comes from Mexico

  10. Agricultural Regions in MDCs Key Issues 3 and 4

  11. Six Main Regions • Mixed Crop and Livestock Farming • U.S. • Corn • Dairy Farming • Farms near large urban areas of NE U.S., SE Canada and Northern Europe • Grain Farming • Wheat • Livestock Ranching • Mediterranean Agriculture • Commercial Gardening and Fruit Farming

  12. Corn Production

  13. Milk Production

  14. Wheat Production

  15. Meat Production

  16. Challenges for Commercial Farmers • Lets talk about supply and demand!

  17. Challenges for Commercial Farmers • Access to markets • Overproduction • This is where subsidies come in, but we will talk more about this later • Sustainable Agriculture • An agricultural practice that preserves and enhances environmental quality • Lower revenue but lower costs • Organic farming • Three principles: • Sensitive land management • Limited use of chemicals • Better integration of crops and livestock

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