CONT… CHAPTER 22: EXILE IN DAPITAN

1. CONT… CHAPTER 22: EXILE IN DAPITAN

2. RIZAL AS TEACHER

5. Specimens • Draco Rizali – a flying dragon • Apogania Rizali – a small beetle • Rhachophrus Rizali – a rare frog • Spatholmes Rizali – Fungus Beetle

7. RIZAL'S ART WORK IN DAPITAN

8. CARVING OF JOSEPHINE BRACKEN

9. FISHES CAUGHT IN DAPITAN

10. RIZAL AS FARMER • 16 hectares of land in Talisay • where he built his home, school, and hospital, and planted cacao, coffee, sugarcane, coconuts and fruit trees. • his total holdings reached 70 hectares,: • modern methods of agriculture which he had observed in Europe and America. • imported agricultural machinery from the U. S. • to establish a new Calambain Dapitan

11. RIZAL AS BUSINESSMAN • most profitable business of Rizal was: • in hemp industry • To break the Chinese monopoly on business in Dapitan, Rizal organized the: • Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers • prime commodities at moderate prices.

12. Rizal’s Inventions • He invented a cigarette lighter, which he called sulpakan, and sent it to Blumentritt in 1887 as a gift. The lighter used a compressed air mechanism. • While in Dapitan, Rizal also invented a wooden machine for making bricks which turned out about 6,000 bricks daily.

13. Mr. Taufer & Josephine

14. RIZAL & BRACKEN • Fr. Obach on their marriage • Mr. Taufer • Unable to endure the thought of losing Josephine, he tried to commit suicide by cutting of his throat with a razor • Went away uncured • Rizal and Josephine held hands together • and married themselves before the eyes of God. • Jose played a prank on her: • frightening her • prematurely gave birth to an 8th month baby boy, who only lived for three hours

15. RIZAL AND THE KATIPUNAN • Dr. Pio Valenzuela was named emissary to Dapitan • Rizal objected to Bonifacio’s audacious project to plunge the country in bloody revolution • disapproved of the other plan of the Katipunanto rescue him • he had given his word of honor to the Spanish authorities

17. VOLUNTEERS AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN CUBA • shortage of physicians to minister to the needs of the Spanish troops • It was Blumentritt who told him of the deplorable health situation in war-ridden Cuba • Rizal wrote to Gov.-Gen. Ramon Blanco, Despujol’s successor, offering his services • Blanco notified him of the acceptance of his offer

18. CHAPTER 23: LAST TRIP ABROAD (1896)

19. RIZAL MISSES SHIP GOING TO SPAIN • Rizal was transferred to another cruiser by the order of Ramon Blanco (1 month) • He was treated not a prisoner, but a guest detained on board

21. CRY OF BALINTAWAK (PUGADLAWIN) • Beginning of Revolution • tearing of community tax certificates • to mark their separation from Spain.

22. OUTBREAK OF THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION • discovered by Fray Mariano Gil • aggravated by the Cry of Balintawak • attacked San Juan, but they were repulsed with heavy losses • After the Battle of San Juan, Governor General Blanco proclaimed a state of war in the first eight provinces for rising in arms against Spain

23. DEPARTURE FOR SPAIN • Rizal received from Governor General Blanco 2 letters of introduction for the Minister of War and the Minister of Colonies, with a covering letter which: • absolved him from all blame for the raging revolution

24. RIZAL IN SINGAPORE • Don Pedro/ Don Manuel Camus • advised Rizal to stay and take advantage of the protection of the British Law • had given his word of honor to Governor General Blanco

26. VICTIM OF SPANISH DUPLICITY • Blanco and the Ministers of War and the Colonies were : • exchanging coded telegrams (secret conspiracy) and confidential messages for his arrest upon reaching Barcelona

27. ARRIVAL IN BARCELONA AS PRISONER (8 DAYS) • Rizal was escorted to the grim and infamous prison-fortress named Monjuich • Jose’s interview with Despujol • he would be shipped back to Manila

28. CHAPTER 24: LAST HOMECOMING AND TRIAL

29. Confiscation of Diary • Their suspicion was aroused, for they feared that the diarist might be writing something: • seditious or treasonable

30. Writ of habeas corpus • a writ (legal action) which requires a person under arrest to be brought before : • a judge or into court • a prisoner can be released from unlawful detention • detention lacking sufficient cause or evidence

31. Unsucessful rescue in Singapore • Atty. Fort instituted proceedings at the Singapore Court: • for the removal of Rizal from the steamer • Chief Justice Loinel Cox denied the writ on the ground: • warship of a foreign power, which under international law was beyond the jurisdiction of the Singapore authorities

32. ARRIVAL IN MANILA • authorities fished for evidence against Rizal • brutally tortured to implicate Rizal • Paciano

33. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION • 2 kinds of evidence were presented against Rizal, namely: • documentary • testimonial

34. RIZAL CHOOSES HIS DEFENDER • only right given to Rizal by the Spanish authorities • Don Luis Taviel de Andrade • name was familiar • brother of Luis Taviel de Andrade, Rizal’s bodyguard in Calamba

35. READING OF INFORMATION TO THE ACCUSED • Jose was accused of : • being the principal organizer and the living soul of the Filipino rebellion • Rizal: pleaded: • not guilty to the crime of rebellion.

36. RIZAL'S MANIFESTO • appealing to them to: • stop the necessary shedding of blood • to achieve their liberties by means of education • Rizal’s manifesto was: • not issued to the people • saved from the shame of his manifesto’s being misinterpreted

37. TRIAL OF RIZAL • considered guilty before the actual trial • not given the right to face the witnesses against him in open court

38. RIZAL PROVED HIS INNOCENCE BY: • he advised Dr. Pio Valenzuela in Dapitan: • not to rise in revolution • If he were guilty he could have: • escaped Singapore • His life in Dapitan had been: • exemplary

39. SIGNING OF RIZAL'S EXECUTION • Polavieja: • approved the decision of the court-martial • ordered Rizal to be shot at 7am of December 30 at Bagumbayan Field.

40. CHAPTER 25: MARTYRDOM IN BAGUMBAYAN

41. LAST HOURS OF RIZAL • gave to Trinidad: • the alcohol cooking stove • “Mi Ultimo Adios” • 10PM 29 December 1896 • wrote his retraction, in which he abjured Masonry and his religious ideas which were anti-catholic

42. MARTYRDOM OF A HERO • requested the commander of the firing squad, that: • he be shot facing the firing squad • His request was denied • A Spanish military physician asked: • his permission to feel his pulse • 7:03 in the morning: • when he died in the bloom of manhood – aged 35 y. o.

43. AFTERMATH OF A MARTYR'S DEATH • Spanish spectators shouted “Viva Espana!” “Muerte a los Traidores” • (Long live Spain! Death to the Traitors!) • pen is mightier than the sword