1 / 51

SCENE TECHNIQUES

SCENE TECHNIQUES. SCENE TECHNIQUES. Lesson Objective : Describe the fundamental concepts required for rescue and extrication to include hazardous materials and multi-patient scenario. SCENE TECHNIQUES. Overview: 1. Role of the EMT-B 2. Fundamental of Extrication

dobry
Download Presentation

SCENE TECHNIQUES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SCENE TECHNIQUES

  2. SCENE TECHNIQUES Lesson Objective: Describe the fundamental concepts required for rescue and extrication to include hazardous materials and multi-patient scenario.

  3. SCENE TECHNIQUES • Overview: • 1. Role of the EMT-B • 2. Fundamental of Extrication • 3. Introduction to Hazardous Materials • 4. Incident Management System • 5. Multiple-Casualty Situations

  4. Role of the EMT-B • Nonrescue EMS • Administer care to the patient before extrication • Patient care precedes extrication • Work together with the providers of rescue. • Cooperate the activities of the rescuers.

  5. ROLE OF THE EMT-B • Rescue EMS • EMS providers can also be the rescue providers. • A chain of command should be establish to ensure patient care priorities. • Administer care to the patient

  6. Role of the EMT-B • Patient care precedes extrication unless delayed movement would endanger the life of the patient or rescuer.

  7. Fundamentals of Extrication • Definition : An aspect of rescue, a method of freeing patients from that which binds or restrains by means of force, ingenuity or both.

  8. Extrication • Equipment • Personal safety • Rescue & Extrication - requires mental and physical preparation of self • Safety begins with proper mind set and protective equipment

  9. Extrication • Protective clothing • Sturdy shoes or work boots • Long underwear, hat, etc... • Leather gloves, hard hat with protective shield

  10. Extrication • Patient Safety • Inform the patient • Protect the patient. • Lighting is of the utmost importance

  11. Gaining Access • What type of accident? • Is the patient in a vehicle? In some other structure? • Is the vehicle or structure severally damaged? • In what position is the vehicle? On what surface? • Is the patient injured? • Is the environment hazardous or threatening?

  12. Getting to the patient • Simple access • Complex access • Specialized access techniques

  13. Provide emergency medical care • Evaluation and treatment • Do not interrupt evaluation • Establish and maintain an open airway with C-spine stabilization. • Artificial ventilation • Control accessible bleeding • CPR

  14. Provide emergency medical care • Complete initial assessment • Provide critical intervention • Immobilize spine securely • Short spine board • Rapid extrication considerations • Move the patient not the immobilization device use sufficient personnel • choose path of least resistance

  15. Provide emergency medical care • Disentanglement of patient • Treat injuries and correct life threatening problems • Do not forget toe re-evaluate the patient’s status • Disentanglement involves use of : • A great deal of common sense • Ingenuity in use of available tools and method

  16. Preparation of the patient for transfer • Ensure all injury are treated • All fractures splinted • All wounds dressed • Cervical spine immobilized • Improvise if you have to

  17. Prep of Pt’s for transfer • Package patient for removal • Best accomplished by use of spine board • Move patient as a unit • Use ingenuity, common sense and mechanical knowledge when the situation dictates

  18. Hazardous Materials • If you even suspect possible hazardous materials at the accident scene, you must first step back and assess situation, then call for a trained HazMat team.

  19. Hazardous Materials • Common problem - People are killed or injured before the danger is identified. • Primary concern - Safety • The EMT-B and crew • Patient • Public

  20. Hazardous Materials • Identification - Different kind of hazards have different colors and shaped labels. • Law • Shipping papers or packing - will have same number • Drivers -must carry shipping paper with the same number

  21. Hazardous Material • Pay attention - to your own senses. strange looking fumes, funny odor from a wrecked vehicle • Only trained - to handle this incidents should enter the area or hazards you as an EMT-B are not. • Consider the cargo of an overturn semitrailer truck.

  22. Hazardous Material • General Procedures • Park upwind/uphill from the incident, safe distance • Keep unnecessary people away from area • Isolate the area • (1) Keep people out • (2) Do not enter unless fully protected with proper equipment and SCBA

  23. Hazardous Material • Avoid contact with material • Remove patients to a safe zone, if no risk to EMT-B. • Resources • (1) Local hazardous material response team • (2) CHEMTREC 800- 424-9300 • (3) Hazardous Materials, The Emergency Response Handbook

  24. Incident Management System • Has been developed to assist with control, direction , and coordination of emergency response resources.

  25. Incident Management System • Structure - After an incident manager is determined, EMS sectors are established as needed: • Extrication sector • Triage sector. • Treatment sector

  26. Incident Management System • Transportation sector • Staging sector • Supply sector • Mobile command center

  27. Role • Individuals at the scene will be assigned to particular roles in one of the sectors. • Upon arrival, the EMT-B should report to the sector officer for specific duties. • Once assigned a specific task, the EMT-B should complete the task and report back to the sector officer.

  28. Multiple Casualty Situations (MCS) • Definition - An event that places a great demand on resources, be it equipment or personnel. • Basic triage - sorting multiple-casualties into priorities for emergency care or transportation to definitive care. Priorities are given in four levels.

  29. Triage • Highest priority (RED) • Airway and breathing difficulties • Uncontrolled or severe bleeding • Decreased mental status • Patients with severe medical problems • Shock (hypoperfusion) • Severe burns

  30. Triage • Second priority (YELLOW) • Burns without airway problems • Major or multiple bone or joint injuries • Back injuries with or without spinal cord damage

  31. Triage • Lowest priority (Green) • Minor painful, swollen, deformed extremities • Minor soft tissue injuries Lowest priority (BLACK) • Death • Obviously mortal wounds, open brain trauma, full cardiac arrest

  32. Triage • The cardinal rule of triage is to do the greatest good for the greatest number. • Triage is on - going process, therefore triage priority may change.

  33. Triage Procedures • Most knowledgeable EMS provider arriving on-scene first becomes triage officer • Additional help should be requested • Perform initial assessment on all patients first. • Assign available personnel and equipment to priority one patients.

  34. Triage Procedures • Patients transport decisions are based on a variety of factors. • (1) Prioritization • (2) Destination facilities • (3) Transportation resources • Triage officer remains at scene to assign and coordinate personnel, supplies, and vehicles.

  35. ???????????????????????????

  36. Summary: • Role of the EMT-B • Non rescue • Rescue • Fundamental of extrication • Equipment • Getting to the patient • Providing emergency care

  37. Summary • Hazardous Materials • Common Problem • Primary concerns • Identification • General Procedures • Incident Management System • Role • Structure

More Related