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Atoms, IONS and Molecules (By Sumiati ))

This resource provides a comprehensive overview of atoms, ions, and molecules, including their definitions, relationships, examples, differences, and their presence in everyday life. It also covers the construction of an atom, the formation of ions, and the composition of molecules.

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Atoms, IONS and Molecules (By Sumiati ))

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  1. Atoms, IONS and Molecules (By Sumiati))

  2. Objectives 1. The definition of atoms, molecules, and ions 2. The relationship of atoms, molecules, and ions. 3. The Examples of substances consisting of atoms, molecules, and ions. 4. The differences of element molecules and compound molecules. 5. The examples of simple molecules in everyday life.

  3. Kelas 8B ulangan • Jum”at depan, 18 nov .. Ulangan 3 bab. • 1. sistem pernapasan (bab4) • 2. sistem peredaran darah (bab 5) • 3. atom, ion dan molekul (bab 1 kimia) • bilingual

  4. What is a matter/substances? • Matter or substances is everything having mass and occupy a space.

  5. Matter Classification • Element = substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substance by chemical methods. Ex: O2, O3, H2, N2 • Compound = the combination of some elements formed through a chemical reaction. H2O, CO2, C6H12O6 • Mixtures = substances consisting of two or more substances formed without a chemical reaction. Ex” teh manis, juice,

  6. Particle of Matter • Atoms • Ions • Molecules

  7. Ulangan bab 4,5 1 kimia

  8. What is an Atom? • An atom is the smallest particle of an element. • An atom has an average size of about 0.0000000001 m or 1 x 10–10m.

  9. ATOMS MODEL(John Dalton)

  10. ATOMS MODEL(J.J Thomson)

  11. ATOMS MODEL

  12. ATOMS MODEL(Niels Bohr)

  13. ATOMS MODEL N=2-5 O=2-6

  14. 23.3 Representing an Atom of an Element • Using chemical symbols Li F Mg B Ne He Na Cl Cu O N C H

  15. 23.4 What is an Atom Made Up of? • Each atom is made up of even smaller particles. • These particles are called sub-atomic particles. • Types of sub-atomic particles – protons, electrons and neutrons

  16. 23.4 What is an Atom Made Up of? • The table below summarises the properties of protons, neutrons and electrons.

  17. 23.5 Proton (Atomic) Number and Mass Number The atomic number or proton number is the number of protons in an atom. (=electron number) The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. mass number X A chemical symbol proton number Z

  18. Kelompok kimia 8B • Kelompok 1 ; dzikra,11,21,29,3,38,18, … ion…(75) Kelompok 2 ; byan,aci.adit,maska,nabjas,tiara,dinda …molekul… …(nilai 78) • Kelompok 3 ; ageng.1,7,9,10,19,16,20 …atom (nilai 80) • Kelompok 4 : muthia, mine, rania, clara, mirshaan, sule molekul (bonus 5 • Kelompok 5 ; dika ….. Atom; Rizki, lia, afi, imae, senopati…nilai 78+4 • Kelompok 6 : aldi …..ion:Reza,Rian,Ayu,Monika,Rara .. Nilai 80+5 • Tugasnya: lirik lagu dikumpul sekarang …. Buat lagu… atom, ion, molekul. Yg ngumpul sekarang sarusnya 10. • Lirik lagu mengenai semua pembahasan tentang atom, ion, molekul. Ketua kelompok ambil undian:

  19. Tugasnya: lirik lagu dikumpul sekarang …. Buat lagu… atom, ion, molekul. Yg ngumpul sekarang sarusnya 10. • Lirik lagu mengenai semua pembahasan tentang atom, ion, molekul. Ketua kelompok ambil undian: • Lagu in english… • Hari selasa depan dinyanyikan ke depan berkelompok • Menyanyi sambill bergaya

  20. Periodic Table

  21. Cl 35 C 12 56 Fe 6 26 23 Na P 27 Al 11 15 13 H 1 40 Ca 32 S 1 20 16

  22. 23.6 What are Ions? • When an atom loses or gains electrons, we say that an ion is formed. • An ion is an atom that carries a positive or negative charge as a result of having lost or gained one or more electrons. • Atoms which lose electrons will have a net positive charge. Hence, they form positive ions. atom with net positive charge neutral atom + + e – electron lost by atom

  23. 23.6 What are Ions? • Atoms which gain electrons will have a negative charge. Hence, they form negative ions. neutral atom atom with net negative charge - + e – electron gained by atom

  24. Mg Mg2+ + 2e – Magnesium atom Magnesium ion Electrons 23.6 What are Ions? Example 1 Magnesium chloride is a compound made from two kinds of ions – magnesium ions, which have a positive charge, and chloride ions, which have a negative charge. A magnesium atom has the chemical symbol, Mg. A magnesium atom (an atom of a metal) loses two electrons to form a magnesium ion in its compound.

  25. 23.6 What are Ions? Example 1 A magnesium ion has 12 protons and 10 electrons. Hence, it has a net positive charge of +2.

  26. Cl + e- Cl- Chlorine atom Electron Chloride ion 23.6 What are Ions? Example 2 A chlorine atom has the chemical symbol, Cl. A chlorine atom (an atom of a non-metal) gains an electron to form a chloride ion in its compound. A chloride ion has 17 protons and 18 electrons. Hence, it has a net negative charge of –1. 35 17

  27. 23.6 What are Ions? • The table below shows some ions formed by common atoms:

  28. 23.7 What are molecules? • A molecule is made up of two or more atoms chemically combined together. • Molecules of elements usually consist of a fixed number of one type of atom chemically combined together. • Molecules of compounds contain a fixed number of different types of atoms chemically combined together.

  29. Molecules of elements H H O O N N

  30. Molecules of compounds H H O C O O H H N H Cl H

  31. GRATITUDE

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