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Africa Before, Now and After Dr. Phil Osagie

Africa Before, Now and After Dr. Phil Osagie. Presented by: Dr Phil Osagie At: University of Toronto Scarborough IDSA02: ‘Experiencing Development in Africa’ Developed by: Canadian African Business Women Alliance (CABBWA) & IDS, Univ. of Toronto Scarborough. Scope of Presentation.

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Africa Before, Now and After Dr. Phil Osagie

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  1. Africa Before, Now and AfterDr. Phil Osagie

  2. Presented by: Dr Phil OsagieAt: University of Toronto ScarboroughIDSA02: ‘Experiencing Development in Africa’ Developed by: Canadian African Business Women Alliance (CABBWA) & IDS, Univ. of Toronto Scarborough

  3. Scope of Presentation • Introduction • Perception and misconception about Africa • The Reality on the ground in Africa- current economic, social, political state of countries in Africa. •  Current unrest in North Africa – opportunities and threats for rest of Africa • Opportunities in Africa • The private sector • Challenges facing women • Prospects & Conclusion

  4. Current perception about Africa • One country! • Lions and monkeys… • And some goats • Famine and drought • Corruption and autocracy • Darkness • Guns and wars • Inefficiencies and poor infrastructure • Malaria and diseases • Diamonds and oil

  5. Reality check & a slice of Africa • Africa accounts for 90% of malaria deaths • One in six children die before the age of five • Measles takes the life of a child nearly every minute • Over 12 million children orphaned by HIV Aids (UNICEF) • Average water use and consumption is 20 litres a day (Compare 150 in UK and 600 in US and toilet use in UK) • 547 million live without electricity

  6. Reality cont… • Corruption concerns • Over $145 billion leaves the continent every year and Africa’s political elites hold over $700billion in offshore accounts (AU) • Someone dies of starvation every 3.6 seconds • Less than 50% of the population have access to doctors • Over 80% of farmers are women • 32 out of the 50 poorest and most highly indebted nations, from Africa • Poor infrastructure reduces productivity by over 40% p.a

  7. POLITICAL

  8. Socio-Political issues • Regional instability- Sierra Leone, Angola, Liberia • Land grabbing in Zimbabwe • ‘Personalization’ of power • Rascality in Somalia • Vicious circles of civil wars- Sudan, Somalia, Congo … • Youth unemployment and demographic pressure • Hunger and poverty induced social unrest • Religious extremism ( Nigeria ) • Wind of revolution and people power ( Egypt, Libya, Tunisia).

  9. Unrest in N. Africa

  10. North Africa crisis- summary • Mohamed Bouazizi (Tunisia)- self fire to raging political fire • Challenged conventional Arab and African lethargy • Transformed national politics • Challenged fundamental pillars of Middle East order • Popularized street activism • Manifestation of renewed people power “Populism, paralysis..”- Goldman Sach’s Jim O’Neil

  11. The effect on rest of Africa • Supply chain disruption • Sentiments • Domino effects • Re pricing of insurance risk premiums (Africa Reinsurance) and bank credits • Pressure to adopt populist pre emptive measures- increase in public debt and external borrowing • Reputation effect

  12. What do you see? • Only 5% of farmland in Africa is irrigated • Only 5% of its hydropower has been tapped • 30% of Africa’s infrastructure needs rehabilitation • Only one in four has access to electricity • Installed generation capacity of 48 countries is only 689 gigawatts- less than a country in Europe • 5.7% internet users- compared to 94.3% for rest of the world

  13. DARK & HOPELESS? NO!

  14. ECONOMIC

  15. Economic Trends • Africa’s economy expanded by 4.7% in 2010 and is expected to grow to 5.1% by 2011 • Fastest urbanization region in the world- 39.7 in 2005 to 53.5% in 2030 • Produces over half of the world’s diamonds • Over 50% of the world’s gold • Collective GDP of $2.6 Trillion by 2020 • Over 1.1 billion would be of working age by 2030

  16. Economy…. • Home of the world’s biggest open markets- over 3m daily to Nigeria Onitsha market • Six of the world’s fastest growing countries in past decade ( Economist) • Fastest growing middle class in the world- 60 million now and 100 million by 2015 • Direct Foreign Investment up by 1000% over past decade ( $55 billion in 2010 alone) • Mobile phone revolution- from 50m in 2002 to over 600m users- more than Europe and America)

  17. Economy… • 2,375% growth in number of people with access to the internet • Home of richest black person in the world- the $10B cement king AlikoDangote ( not Queen Oprah Wimphrey) • Labour productivity on the increase • Trade between Africa and rest of the world increased by 2000% since 2000 • Inflation down from 22% in mid 1990s to below 10% • Increased privatization and reducing central role of Government • 36 out of 40 Governments made things easier for businesses in 2010 (World Bank)

  18. Women

  19. WOMEN- problems & prospects • Over 80% of farmers in Africa • Over 23m girls out of schools- world highest • Over 100 million women use rudimentary farm tools • Spend 2000 hours a year weeding • 3 major challenges • LIMITED ACCESS TO CAPITAL • GENDER INEQUALITY • CULTURAL BARRIERS( property, inheritance, registration)

  20. …..Prospects • Growing women influence • Women entrepreneurs own over 25% of registered businesses in Nigeria • More women in business, military and politics- President Ellen Johnson, NgoziOkonjo-Iweala, Juliet Ehimuan (Google Nigeria Country Manager), Bethlehem Alemu(Sole Rebels, Ethiopia), Stella Keng, Yolanda Cuba, SibongileSambo……… • Many women now breaking the barriers

  21. Bethlehem TilahunAlemu- sole rebel

  22. ChimamandaAdichie, African Queen of fiction

  23. Hilary Clinton • “ The women in Africa are the hardest working women in the world. If all the women in Africa, from Cairo to Cape Town decided they would stop working for a week, the economies of Africa will collapse.”

  24. Unleashing the Entrepreneurial Spirit

  25. Billionaire list • ALIKO DANGOTE 13.8B NIGERIA- cement, industry • NICKY OPPENHEIMER 7B S AFRICA- diamonds • NASSEF SAWIRIS 5.6B EGYPT- construction • PATRICE MOSOPE- SA - mining • ALI BEN BONGO- GABON • FERNANDO DIAS- ANGOLA • MIKE ADENUGA- NIGERIA • MOHAMED HUSSEIN AL AMOOD- Ethiopia • AND MANY OTHERS….

  26. Economist • “Sub Saharan Africa was the fastest growing region in the world in 2011 and is expected to stay ahead of the pack in 2012”- London Economist

  27. Outlook & Conclusion- From Hopeless to Rising

  28. Closer…. Africa ( In Video) • AFRICA IS NOT A COUNTRY! • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fW-0xZp9nMc&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELc4dv78G4c&feature=related (AFRICA)

  29. thank you thank you

  30. APPENDIX

  31. perception & misconception about Africa • BASED LARGELY ON: • IGNORANCE • POOR GOVERNANACE • MEDIA CHOICE TO EXPOSED SELECTED • arid deserts • people starving • animals everywhere • Civil unrest

  32. perception & misconception about Africa • AFRICA IS A COUNTRY • Africa is not a country, but a continent. • it is the second largest, and second most populated, continent besides Asia. • Africa has about 1 billion people and 61 different countries within it.

  33. perception & misconception about Africa • 2. AFRICA IS A DESERT • There are a few deserts in Africa (like the Sahara Desert in the North and the Namiba Desert in the Southwest of Africa). • Large parts of Africa, especially central Africa, are tropical rainforests. • On high mountains, like Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, are subarctic conditions. • Large areas in Africa have savannah plains, which are similar to prairies. • So Africa is definitely not a desert

  34. perception & misconception about Africa • 3. AFRICANS LIVE IN HUTS • Many people believe that all African people live in mud and dung huts. • This is completely false. • There are buildings and towns and cities in every country in Africa. • If you were to Google the capital of any country you would be surprised by what you see. • That is also not to say that no people in Africa live in huts, as there are a lot of tribes that still choose to live in their traditional villages in huts, but the bulk of each country have become westernized and civilized. • In Africa you find those landscape spoiling skyscrapers and concrete covered metropolises.

  35. perception & misconception about Africa • 4. WEIRD FOOD • This misconception does hold a small amount of truth to it, but nothing like what most people think. • Not all food in Africa is strange. It is not difficult to find a KFC or McDonald’s in many countries in Africa. • There are restaurants where you can order a nice and juicy filet steak, seafood, pizza, pasta, burgers and basically whatever else you can think of. • One of the most popular family meals in southern Africa is a “braai,” which is just an ordinary classic barbecue. • In the more rural villages and tribes the people hunt for their food and so eat mostly game meat and grains.

  36. perception & misconception about Africa • 5. ANIMALS EVERYWHERE • I have been asked on so many occasions if I have a pet lion, or if there are antelope outside my house. Well lone may ask back – do you have a pet bear??? • Of course not, there are just as many wild animals walking through my city at the moment as there are in New York. • Wild animals are kept out of towns and cities by the lack of food, habitat and fences. • The animals outside the cities and towns are completely wild and even the select few people that have hand-reared a lion will tell you that a wild animal will always be wild. • So no, there are no wild animals walking down the streets…

  37. perception & misconception about Africa • 6. AFRICAN LANGUAGE • This is one of the most ridiculous ones I have ever heard. • I think Africa is the most diverse continent in the world as there are hundreds of different languages spoken across it. • Even just in my country, Nigeria, there are over 250 languages including Indian, English, Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo. • Every country in Africa has at least five lesser languages as well as the common language, and it is true that many of these languages have clicks in them, but they are definitely not all the same language.

  38. perception & misconception about Africa • 7. NO HOTELS • Let me just clear this bit of confusion immediately by saying there are plenty. • To prove my point I have chosen to use agoda.com to pull the number of hotels they have from all the listed cities in South Africa. • The results were as follows : Johannesberg – 62, Cape Town – 84, Durban – 52, Knysna – 56, Port Elizabeth – 39, Umshlanga – 31, Nelspruit – 17 and Hermanus – 31. • That is a total of 372 hotels in South Africa, and considering those were just the ones listed on the one website I think it is safe to say that there are plenty of hotels in Africa. And it is very easy to land yourself in the lap of luxury in a Hilton hotel.

  39. perception & misconception about Africa • 8. NO TOILETS • Every country has its own taste in toilets. • I have traveled to a few countries and a toilet is a thing that is as different as the culture. • American toilets have a tendency to be full of water, almost to the top. • Italian toilets have a platform at the front of their toilets with a small hole with water at the back. • The Thai toilets, in the more rural areas, are just like squatting platforms with no bowl or seat. With that said, I would say that southern Africa’s toilets are reasonably normal. They have a bowl, a seat, and water, a little less water than the American and a little more water than the Italians. • There are some pit latrines and long drops in the desert, but those are mainly just for people that feel the need to camp out in the middle of nowhere, but still don’t just want to squat behind a bush.

  40. perception & misconception about Africa • 9. BLACK AFRICANS • For all those who believe that all African people are black, are all American people Native Americans? • Hundreds of years ago, European explorers, conquerors and settlers traveled around the globe and developed the land they settled on. This happened all over the world including in North America, South America, Asia and Africa. The first white people that settled in Namibia for example, were Portuguese and did so over 400 years ago. Dutch settlers went to South Africa, French settlers went to Angola, and so the white people in Africa grew in numbers over the last 500 years. • There are many white people in many countries in Africa, but that’s not all, there are also a lot of Indians, Chinese and Malaysians in South Africa. South Africa is known as the rainbow nation, and rightly so.!

  41. references • http://www.globalissues.org/article/26/poverty-facts-and-statshttp://www.un.org/esa/analysis/wess/wesp2011files/2011wesp_pr_africa_en.pdf • http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/outlook/http://www.oecd.org/document/16/0,3746,en_2649_33731_48794320_1_1_1_1,00.html • http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Whats_driving_Africas_growth_2601

  42. REFERENCES • http://lapietracoalition.org/tag/african-economy/ CLINTON • http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-06-28/clinton-tells-envoys-africa-economies-would-fail-without-the-toil-of-women.html • http://www.liberationafrique.org/IMG/pdf/TJN4Africa.pdf • http://www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/3-MP-PovertyFacts-E.pdfhttp://www.economist.com/node/21541015 • http://www.economist.com/node/21541008

  43. VIDEOS • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fW-0xZp9nMc&feature=related AFRICAN CITIES • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=826tpNNrCF0 AFRICA PRIDE

  44. Dr Phil Osagie • Global communications strategist of JSP Corporation & specialist on Emerging Markets and Africa • Email: emergingmarkets@jspcanada.com • Tel: 4167296945 • JSP Canada Communications Corporation • Web: www.jspcanada.com, www.jspcorporate.com

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