Residence time: T ave = C/R

1. Residence time: Tave = C/R

6. 1000 kilowatt-hours of electricity is equivalent to the average amount of electricity consumed per month by: • 1 resident of the United States. • 2.3 residents of Europe. • 7.6 residents of Mexico. • 7.4 residents of South America. • 26.3 residents of Africa. • 12.35 residents of the Far East.

7. 1000 kilowatt-hours of electricity is equivalent to the energy stored in each of the following: • 574 fast-food meals. • 34 pieces of firewood. • 28.5 gallons of gasoline. • 274 pounds of coal. • 34 therms of natural gas. • lead-acid battery weighing 61,110 pounds.

8. 1000 kilowatt-hours of electricity production emits the following pollutants: And require 422 gallons of cooling water

10. Oil consumption per capita

11. Major oil trade movements

12. Coal production - Coal consumption

14. Natural gas consumption per capita

15. Major natural gas trade movements

23. * (3.2 x 1010 GJ/year) * C3 refers to 3-phosphoglycerate, C4 to a 4-carbon analogue

24. Note: Approximate surface area of the earth is 4πr2, or 4π(6.378  106 m)2. This comes to ~5.112  1014 m2, and a hemisphere is ~2.556  1014 m2. Approximate average insolation is 343 W/m2. So the total power falling on one hemisphere is: 343 W/m2  2.556  1014 m2 = 8.78  1016 W U.S. energy consumption is ~100 quad/yr, or 1.05  1020 J/yr. World energy consumption is ~4.71  1020 J/yr. SO: and

25. In other words, the average insolation