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Operant Antecedents

Operant Antecedents. Chapter 3. Antecedents. Overt or Covert Immediate or Distant. Identifying Antecedents. Functional Analysis behavioral excesses antecedents may be too frequent behavioral deficits antecedents may be too infrequent. Learning Antecedents. Discrimination learning

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Operant Antecedents

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  1. Operant Antecedents Chapter 3

  2. Antecedents • Overt or Covert • Immediate or Distant

  3. Identifying Antecedents • Functional Analysis • behavioral excesses • antecedents may be too frequent • behavioral deficits • antecedents may be too infrequent

  4. Learning Antecedents • Discrimination learning • Discriminative stimuli • Differential reinforcement • SD • S∆ • Stimulus Generalization • Stimulus equivalence

  5. Stimulus Control • Prompting • Physical guidance prompts • Verbal prompts • Pictorial prompts • Gestural prompts • Auditory prompts

  6. Stimulus Control • Fading • errorless learning • decreased assistance • increasing assistance • delayed prompting • Speed in fading

  7. Modeling and Instructions • Guidelines • Fade to reduce reliance • Match to the person’s abilities • Describe consequences • Reasons for behavior • Complex behaviors broken down

  8. Application of Modeling and Instruction • Fade these prompts • Match the level of the information with the ability of the learner • Make consequences apparent • Break down complex tasks into manageable tasks • Reinforce models • Reinforce observers for attending • Use models who are similar to the observer • Use more than one model

  9. Cognitive Antecedents • Covert self-statements • self-instruction • strategies • rules • logical thinking

  10. Antecedent Chains • Target behaviors can involve a complex series of links that lead to the completion of a task • Links become antecedents • Disrupting the links can serve to decrease behavior

  11. Managing Antecedents • Decrease behavior by • Reduce or avoid antecedents • Narrow antecedent control • SD to S∆ • Cognitive strategies • Change characteristics of antecedents

  12. Managing Antecedents: Tips • Look carefully at all potential antecedents • Assess overt and covert antecedents • Ask others to help identify antecedents • Fade prompts in small steps

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