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Control of Three-phase Active Rectifier for Wind Turbine Applications

AALBORG UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENERGY TECHNOLOGY. Evgen Urlep. December, 2002. UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR INSTITUTE OF ROBOTICS. Control of Three-phase Active Rectifier for Wind Turbine Applications. Contents. Introduction System modeling and analysis LCL filter design Control design

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Control of Three-phase Active Rectifier for Wind Turbine Applications

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  1. AALBORG UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Evgen Urlep December, 2002 UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR INSTITUTE OF ROBOTICS Control of Three-phase Active Rectifier for Wind Turbine Applications

  2. Contents • Introduction • System modeling and analysis • LCL filter design • Control design • Simulation and implementation • Conclusion

  3. Introduction Types of Wind Turbines • Horizontal axis • Vertical axis Operation modes of WTG • Constant Speed – Constant Frequency • Variable Speed – Constant Frequency

  4. Nominal power 11kW Nominal grid current 16A Grid side phase voltage (rms) 230V Grid frequency 50Hz Rated values DC link voltage 700V DC link nominal current 17A Problem definition Design and implementation ofthe control scheme for the DC/AC converter in WTGin • Grid connection • Stand-alone

  5. Hardware configuration

  6. System overview

  7. Three-phase Active rectifier RL-filter

  8. RL filter in rotating frame

  9. Grid mode controller design

  10. Grid connected Active Rectifier control structure

  11. Model of the LCL filter

  12. LI [mH] 1.25 LG [mH] 1.5 CF [F] 6 RD [] 4 LCL filter design Qc<5% ZT<10%Zb res<0.5sw

  13. Current attenuation

  14. Current controller design

  15. Kp=4.8 Ti=8 ms Root locus

  16. DC-link controller design CDC>>(Tei+0), optimal symmetry criterion kDC=0.7, Tet=4.8ms

  17. Kp=0.35 Ti=20 ms Root locus

  18. Stand-alone Standalone control structure

  19. Main voltage controller design

  20. Kp=0.1 Ti=0.29 ms Root locus nominal load 1% load

  21. DC-link voltage limiter Tet=2.1ms, 0=0.2ms CDC>>(Tei+0), optimal symmetry criterion

  22. Kp=0.79 Ti=0.092 ms Root-locus

  23. DC-link choper operation RDC

  24. Kp=80 Ti=1 s Phase angle detection

  25. Simulation in grid mode

  26. Steady state simulation Grid mode Generating mode Ideal phase voltage 2% 5th + 1% 7th harmonics

  27. Simulation in stand-alone mode

  28. Steady state simulation Stand-alone mode phase voltages and current at nominal power using resistive load

  29. Transient simulation Stand-alone mode System startup Half of nominal load to nominal load

  30. Implementation dSPACE 1103 MPPC 604e at 633Mhz TMS320F240 16xADC-16 4s ±10V 4xADC-12 800 ns  10V 8xDAC-14 bit -6 µs 10 7x IE interface 32xI/0 TDE software

  31. Combined control

  32. ControlDesk

  33. Measured conditions UDC=650V UAC=220V P=11.28kW PF=0.998 ITHD=6.7% UTHD=2% Steady state operation Grid mode Rectifying mode Generating mode

  34. Transient operation Grid mode Nominal load system startup Disturbance rejection

  35. Measured conditions UDC=700 V UAC=230 V P=11 kW IAC=16.4 A ITHD=3.4 % UTHD=3.4 % Steady state operation Stand-alone mode Resistive load

  36. Measured conditions UDC=700 V UAC=230 V P=11 kW IAC=16.6 A ITHD=25 % UTHD=10 % Steady state operation Stand-alone mode 3-phase diode bridge

  37. Transient operation Stand-alone mode Full load applied on the half of produced power

  38. Stand-alone mode Transient operation Short-circuit startup

  39. Automatic mode switch Idle mode I-SA I-GM GM-I SA-I Stand-alone mode Grid mode GM-SA I-GM:UG and /PLLe and /TRIP and START I-SA:/UG and /TRIP and START GM-I: TRIP or STOP SA-I: TRIP or STOP or PLLe GM-SA: PLLe

  40. Grid mode to Stand-alone mode transition nominal load

  41. Stand-alone mode to Grid mode transition

  42. Conclusion • Vector based control of DC/AC converter with near unity power factor was succesfully designed, simulated, implemented and verified. • LCL filter was designed, implemented and tested • Two different control strategies were implemented according to the operating modes • A common controller design procedure is used to tune controller parameters • PLL is designed to detect phase angle • Two different control strategies are implemented and tested in dSPACE. • Automatic mode detection and switching betwen modes can be implemented

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