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Dynastic Rule in China

Dynastic Rule in China. From the Sui to the Ming. Sui Dynasty. How did this dynasty rise to power? 589, Yang Jian conquered Chen kingdom and unified China for first time in 400 years Jian founded Sui Dynasty at Chang’an and became emperor; was later called Wen Di

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Dynastic Rule in China

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  1. Dynastic Rule in China From the Sui to the Ming

  2. Sui Dynasty • How did this dynasty rise to power? • 589, Yang Jian conquered Chen kingdom and unified China for first time in 400 years • Jian founded Sui Dynasty at Chang’an and became emperor; was later called Wen Di • How did the dynasty govern China? • Emperors Wen Di and Yang Di are remembered for harsh rule • Forced many peasants to fight in army or to work on public works projects

  3. Sui Dynasty • What belief systems did this dynasty encourage? Discourage? • Wen Di, was Bhuddist, but encouraged Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism • How did this dynasty affect daily life in China? • Grand Canal promoted trade by connecting the Yellow and Yagnzi Rivers • Rebuilding of Great Wall provided security from northern raiders • List two ways this dynasty helped unite China. • Undertook extensive public work projects • Extended military control over large stretches of China

  4. Tang Dynasty“The Golden Age” • How did this dynasty rise to power? • 618, Li Shi Min captured Chang’an and Lou Yang • Li Shi Min named himself Emperor Dai Zong in 626 • How did this dynasty govern China? • Under Wu Zhao, China’s only empress, the Tang ruled one of the largest empires in Chinese history. • Gov. composed of depts., each with its own area. • Bureaucrats upheld Confucian ideals by acting as artists and politicians

  5. Tang Dynasty • What belief systems did this dynasty encourage? Discourage? • Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism flourished • Buddhism was repressed during the reign of Wu Zong • How did this dynasty affect daily life in China? • Equal-field system limited power or rural aristocracy • Scholar class became new ruling elite • Land reform gave some peasants a chance to gain wealth • List two ways this dynasty helped unite China. • Emperors directly controlled army • Equal-field system to benefit both government and commoners

  6. Song Dynasty • How did this dynasty rise to power? • Tai Zu emerged after 50 yrs. civil war to found Song Dynasty at Kaifeng • How did this dynasty govern China? • Mongolians and Manchurians harassed China’s northern borders for 200 years • Song royal family forced by Jurchen to establish a new capital at Hangzhou • Govt. officials came from southern China b/c north was under foreign rule • Bureaucrats selected according to scored on civil-service exams

  7. Song Dynasty • What belief systems did this dynasty encourage? Discourage? • Zen Buddhism became popular in China and East Asia • How did this dynasty affect daily life in China? • Power of merchant class rose as large-scale trade grew • Cambodian strain of rice allowed Chinese farmers to double quantity grown • Technological advancements produced new products • List two ways this dynasty helped unite China. • Moved center of Chinese culture south to Kaifeng • Used meritocracy to make government efficient and reliable

  8. Yuan Dynasty • How did this dynasty rise to power? • Dynasty founded by Kublai Khan, grandson of powerful, mongol leader Genghis Khan • Kublai Khan fought Song for 40 yrs. Before founding China’s only foreign-ruled dynasty • How did this dynasty govern China? • Civil-service system maintained by Turks and Persians • Strict hierarchy of social-service classes: 1.) tax-free mongols 2.) non-Chinese civil servants, 3.) northern Chinese, 4.) Southern Chinese

  9. Yuan Dynasty • What belief systems did this dynasty encourage? Discourage? • Kublai Khan retained shamanism • Chinese belief systems largely unaffected by Yuan rule • Number of Buddhist monasteries increased • How did this dynasty affect daily life in China? • Bloody wars of conquest led to the destruction of farmland • Kublai Khans maintained China’s roads and canals • Later Yuan emperors let them deteriorate • List two ways this dynasty helped unite China. • Retained civil service, but staffed it with foreigners • Allowed Chinese belief systems to coexist with Mongol shamanism

  10. Ming Dynasty How did this dynasty rise to power? • Chinese took advantage of chaos of late Yuan rule to rebel against Mongols • Rebel leader and founder of Ming Dynasty, Hong Wu, named his dynasty “brilliant” How did this dynasty govern China? -reintroduced the Civil-Service Exam -Emperors extremely powerful , often ruled as despots -brief period of overseas exploration although late Ming emperors prohibited foreign trade

  11. Ming Dynasty

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