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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. Positive Materials Identification. Existing Material Identifications • Identification Methods • Portable Quantitative Analysis • Laboratory Quantitative Analysis. Foundry marks are identification marks that are embossed on the exteriors of castings.

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9 Positive Materials Identification Existing Material Identifications • Identification Methods • Portable Quantitative Analysis • Laboratory Quantitative Analysis

  2. Foundry marks are identification marks that are embossed on the exteriors of castings.

  3. Color coding allows easy and rapid identification of metals, but systems can vary by company and location.

  4. Stock materials are often stencil-marked along their lengths for identification.

  5. Welding filler metals are identified by a standard AWSdesignation that is either stenciled or stamped directly onto the electrode or printed on a paper flag attached to the electrode.

  6. Failure due to improper metal substitution outweighs the cost of implementing supplementary PMI programs.

  7. Metals can be roughly identified and grouped by their characteristic colors.

  8. Many metals can be identified and grouped by their magnetic behavior.

  9. Coating thickness gauges identify unknown metals by comparing readings of unknown metals to readings of known reference metals.

  10. A metal can be identified by measuring its density with an analytical balance.

  11. Calculated densities can be used to place a metal in one of four groupings.

  12. Spark testing is most often performed on portable grinders, but stationary grinders may also be used.

  13. Characteristic features of spark streams include carrier lines, forks, bursts, and arrowheads.

  14. The electrographic chemical spot test is the most common chemical spot test.

  15. Triboelectricsorting identifies unknown metals by measuring the voltage generated when two different metals are rubbed together.

  16. Metallographic identification involves examining the microstructures of unknown metals to identify them. Specimen preparation requires grinding, polishing, and etching.

  17. Replication tape is used to produce a replica of an unknown metal when it is impractical to examine the original specimen.

  18. XRFanalysis uses a detector that separates and identifies emitted X rays by either energy levels or energy wavelengths.

  19. Many EDXA instruments are portable, allowing quantitative field identification.

  20. WDXAinstrumentation is not very portable because of the size of the X-ray generator and its cooling system.

  21. OESuses the light emitted from an unknown metal surface for identification.

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