Social Studies Unit 2

1. Social Studies Unit 2 Exploration to Early Statehood

2. What Are We Going to Learn? • Why did Europeans come to North America? • How was New Jersey colony divided and settled? • Why did the colonies want independence from Britain? • Why and how was the new Constitution written? • How did new forms of transportation change New Jersey?

3. Lesson 4 Vocabulary • delegates- • A representative • ratify- • To approve

4. Lesson 4 Vocabulary • amendment- • A change or addition to the constitution • Legislature- • A group of persons who make the laws of a nation or a state

5. Lesson 4 Vocabulary • compromise- • An agreement in which each side give up some of its wants

6. Lesson 4-The Constitution • Why and how was the new Constitution written?

7. A Plan for Government • 1776- After the colonies declared independence from Britain, a committee was formed to write a plan of government for the new nation, called the Articles of Confederation • Articles of Confederation- set up a national government, but was weak. States held all the power

8. The Constitutional Convention • Constitutional Convention was formed to revise the Articles of Confederation. • Met in Philadelphia in May 1787. • More than 50 of the nations leaders attended. • New Jersey sent five delegates • Governor William Livingston was one of the representatives. • William Paterson- NJ lawyer, also attended. • Instead of revising the Articles of Confederation, they wrote something new to make the national government stronger. It was called the Constitution of the United States of America.

9. Question Time! • What were the Articles of Confederation? • The Articles of Confederation were the plan of government for the United States BEFORE the Constitution.

10. Compromise • Members of the convention had to set up a new national government. • Delegates from Virginia suggested their plan. • Virginia Plan: • the government would have three parts- a President, a court system, and a legislature • The power was divided so that no one part would have too much power.

11. The New Jersey Plan • Virginia Plan: stated the legislature (Congress) would be made up of representative from each state. Larger population=more representation • New Jersey didn’t like this idea and William Paterson submitted a plan called the New Jersey Plan. • New Jersey Plan: Each state has the same number of representatives, not matter how big your population is.

12. The New Jersey Plan cont. • Convention came up with a compromise to the two plans…Congress would have two “houses” called the Senate and the House of Representatives. • Senate: would be made up of two members from each state • House of Representatives: would be chosen based on population. • NJ agreed on this new plan and was the 3rd state to ratify (approve) the Constitution. The new Constitution went into effect in June 1788.

13. The Bill of Rights • Some people felt the national government had too much power and wanted to make sure their rights were protected. • In 1791, the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution. • Bill of Rights- is the first ten amendments (changes) of the Constitution. They protect people’s freedoms. • NJ was the first state to ratify (approve) the Bill of Rights in 1789.

14. Question Time! • Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution? • The Bill of Rights was added to protect people’s freedoms.

15. Vocabulary Review • Delegates • Ratify • Amendment • Legislature • compromise

16. Lesson Review

17. Important People&Brain Pop William Paterson • It’s Brain Pop Time!- Constitution • It’s Brain Pop Time!-Bill of Rights